Fourth Agon
Κλέων
ἰδοὺ θέασαι, κοὐχ ἅπαντας ἐκφέρω.
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
οἴμʼ ὡς χεσείω, κοὐχ ἅπαντας ἐκφέρω.
Δῆμος
ταυτὶ τί ἔστι;
λόγια.
πάντʼ;
ἐθαύμασας;
Κλέων
1000 καὶ νὴ Δίʼ ἔτι γέ μοὔστι κιβωτὸς πλέα.
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
ἐμοὶ δʼ ὑπερῷον καὶ ξυνοικία δύο.
Δῆμος
φέρʼ ἴδω, τίνος γάρ εἰσιν οἱ χρησμοί ποτε;
Κλέων
οὑμοὶ μέν εἰσι Βάκιδος.
οἱ δὲ σοὶ τίνος;
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
Γλάνιδος, ἀδελφοῦ τοῦ Βάκιδος γεραιτέρου.
Δῆμος
1005 εἰσὶν δὲ περὶ τοῦ;
1005 περὶ Ἀθηνῶν, περὶ Πύλου,
Κλέων
περὶ σοῦ, περὶ ἐμοῦ, περὶ ἁπάντων πραγμάτων.
Δῆμος
οἱ σοὶ δὲ περὶ τοῦ;
περὶ Ἀθηνῶν, περὶ φακῆς,
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
περὶ Λακεδαιμονίων, περὶ σκόμβρων νέων,
περὶ τῶν μετρούντων τἄλφιτʼ ἐν ἀγορᾷ κακῶς,
1000–1009
SAUSAGE SELLER

I’ve got an attic and two apartments full.

DEMOS

Come on, let’s have a look. These oracles— who do they come from?

PAPHLAGONIAN

Mine are from Bacis.

DEMOS [to the Sausage Seller]

Who do yours come from?

SAUSAGE SELLER

They’re from Glanis, Bacis’s elder brother.

DEMOS [to the Paphlagonian]

What are they about?

PAPHLAGONIAN

About Athens, about Pylos, about you,

about me, about everything.

DEMOS [to the Sausage Seller]

And yours? What are they about?

SAUSAGE SELLER

They’re about Athens, about lentil soup, about the Spartans, about fresh mackerel, about flour merchants who give false measure in the marketplace, about you, about me. That man there—

[He indicates the Paphlagonian.]

let him suck his own cock.

1010 περὶ σοῦ, περὶ ἐμοῦ, περὶ ἁπάντων πραγμάτων.
Δῆμος
ἄγε νυν ὅπως αὐτοὺς ἀναγνώσεσθέ μοι,
καὶ τὸν περὶ ἐμοῦ ʼκεῖνον ᾧπερ ἥδομαι,
ὡς ἐν νεφέλαισιν αἰετὸς γενήσομαι.
Κλέων
ἄκουε δή νυν καὶ πρόσεχε τὸν νοῦν ἐμοί.
1015 φράζευ Ἐρεχθεΐδη λογίων ὁδόν, ἥν σοι Ἀπόλλων
ἴαχεν ἐξ ἀδύτοιο διὰ τριπόδων ἐριτίμων.
σῴζεσθαί σʼ ἐκέλευσʼ ἱερὸν κύνα καρχαρόδοντα,
ὃς πρὸ σέθεν λάσκων καὶ ὑπὲρ σοῦ δεινὰ κεκραγὼς
σοὶ μισθὸν ποριεῖ, κἂν μὴ δρᾷ ταῦτʼ ἀπολεῖται.
1010–1019
DEMOS

Well, come on then, read them to me—especially that one which I enjoy so much, that I’ll become an eagle in the clouds.

PAPHLAGONIAN

Then listen,

and give me now your complete attention:

[The Paphlagonian reads from one of the scrolls.]

“Son of Erechtheus, hearken to the intent of Apollo’s oracles, which he pronounces through holy tripods from his inner shrine. He has ordered you to keep safe the sacred hound with the jagged teeth who barks in your defence and on your behalf yowls out alarming noises. He will furnish you with payments, and if he fails, he will go under, for there are countless jackdaws who hate that dog and keep screaming after him.”

1020 πολλοὶ γὰρ μίσει σφε κατακρώζουσι κολοιοί.
Δῆμος
ταυτὶ μὰ τὴν Δήμητρʼ ἐγὼ οὐκ οἶδʼ τι λέγει.
τί γάρ ἐστʼ Ἐρεχθεῖ καὶ κολοιοῖς καὶ κυνί;
Κλέων
ἐγὼ μέν εἰμʼ κύων· πρὸ σοῦ γὰρ ἀπύω·
σοὶ δʼ εἶπε σῴζεσθαί μʼ Φοῖβος τὸν κύνα.
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
1025 οὐ τοῦτό φησʼ χρησμός, ἀλλʼ κύων ὁδὶ
ὥσπερ θύρας σοῦ τῶν λογίων παρεσθίει.
ἐμοὶ γάρ ἐστʼ ὀρθῶς περὶ τούτου τοῦ κυνός.
Δῆμος
λέγε νυν· ἐγὼ δὲ πρῶτα λήψομαι λίθον,
ἵνα μή μʼ χρησμὸς τὸ πέος οὑτοσὶ δάκῃ.
1020–1029
DEMOS

By Demeter, I do not understand a word he says. What does Erechtheus have to do with jackdaws and a dog?

PAPHLAGONIAN

I am that dog. I howl in your defence. Phoebus tells you to protect your dog—me.

SAUSAGE SELLER

The oracle says nothing of the sort. This dog here . . .

[The Sausage Seller points to the Paphlagonian.]

. . . is chewing up your oracles the way dogs chew on doorposts. I have here the proper prophecy about the dog.

DEMOS

Then state it. But first I’ll pick up this stone,

so the oracle about the dog won’t bite.

SAUSAGE SELLER [pretending to read from his scroll]

“Son of Erechtheus, beware of Cerberus,

Ἀλλαντοπώλης
1030 φράζευ Ἐρεχθεΐδη κύνα Κέρβερον ἀνδραποδιστήν,
ὃς κέρκῴ σαίνων σʼ ὁπόταν δειπνῇς ἐπιτηρῶν
ἐξέδεταί σου τοὔψον, ὅταν σύ ποι ἄλλοσε χάσκῃς·
ἐσφοιτῶν τʼ ἐς τοὐπτάνιον λήσει σε κυνηδὸν
νύκτωρ τὰς λοπάδας καὶ τὰς νήσους διαλείχων.
Δῆμος
1035 νὴ τὸν Ποσειδῶ πολύ γʼ ἄμεινον Γλάνι.
Κλέων
τᾶν ἄκουσον, εἶτα διάκρινον τόδε.
ἔστι γυνή, τέξει δὲ λέονθʼ ἱεραῖς ἐν Ἀθήναις,
ὃς περὶ τοῦ δήμου πολλοῖς κώνωψι μαχεῖται
ὥστε περὶ σκύμνοισι βεβηκώς· τὸν σὺ φυλάξαι,
1030–1039

the dog which kidnaps men. When you are at a meal he fawns on you with wagging tail, but he’s watching to devour your dishes, when you look away, your mouth agape. Often in the night he sneaks into your kitchen rooms, while you are unaware, and, like a dog, licks clean your plates and islands.”

DEMOS

By Poseidon, Glanis, that’s much better!

PAPHLAGONIAN

Well, listen to this one and then decide:

[The Paphlagonian reads from another scroll.]

“A woman in sacred Athens will bear a lion, who will fight for the people against huge clouds of gnats, as if he were protecting his own cubs. Look after him. Build wooden walls around him

1040 τεῖχος ποιήσας ξύλινον πύργους τε σιδηροῦς.
ταῦτʼ οἶσθʼ τι λέγει;
μὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω ʼγὼ μὲν οὔ.
ἔφραζεν θεός σοι σαφῶς σῴζειν ἐμέ·
ἐγὼ γὰρ ἀντὶ τοῦ λέοντός εἰμί σοι.
Δῆμος
καὶ πῶς μʼ ἐλελήθης Ἀντιλέων γεγενημένος;
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
1045 ἓν οὐκ ἀναδιδάσκει σε τῶν λογίων ἑκών,
μόνον σιδηροῦν ἐστι τεῖχος καὶ ξύλον,
ἐν σε σῴζειν τόνδʼ ἐκέλευσʼ Λοξίας.
Δῆμος
πῶς δῆτα τοῦτʼ ἔφραζεν θεός;
τουτονὶ
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
δῆσαί σʼ ἐκέλευʼ ἐν πεντεσυρίγγῳ ξύλῳ.
1040–1049

and towers of iron.”

Do you know what that means?

DEMOS

By Apollo, I don’t.

PAPHLAGONIAN

The god clearly states you should look after me, because I am that lion symbol.

DEMOS

How did you become the lion Simba without my knowledge?

SAUSAGE SELLER

He’s quite deliberately not explaining

something in that saying—the only wall made out of iron and wood inside which Loxias has told you to preserve the man.

DEMOS

Why does the god say these words?

SAUSAGE SELLER

He’s telling you to tie this man down in those wooden stocks, the ones which have five holes.

DEMOS

I think that oracle

Δῆμος
1050 ταυτὶ τελεῖσθαι τὰ λόγιʼ ἤδη μοι δοκεῖ.
Κλέων
μὴ πείθου· φθονεραὶ γὰρ ἐπικρώζουσι κορῶναι.
ἀλλʼ ἱέρακα φίλει μεμνημένος ἐν φρεσὶν ὅς σοι
ἤγαγε συνδήσας Λακεδαιμονίων κορακίνους.
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
τοῦτό γέ τοι Παφλαγὼν παρεκινδύνευσε μεθυσθείς.
1055 Κεκροπίδη κακόβουλε τί τοῦθʼ ἡγεῖ μέγα τοὔργον;
καί κε γυνὴ φέροι ἄχθος, ἐπεί κεν ἀνὴρ ἀναθείη·
ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἂν μαχέσαιτο· χέσαιτο γάρ, εἰ μαχέσαιτο.
Κλέων
ἀλλὰ τόδε φράσσαι, πρὸ Πύλου Πύλον ἥν σοι ἔφραζεν.
ἔστι Πύλος πρὸ Πύλοιο
1050–1059

is just about to be fulfilled.

PAPHLAGONIAN

Don’t believe him! The crows are jealous. They keep cawing at me.

[The Paphlagonian reads from another scroll.]

“Cherish the hawk, and remember in your heart he was the one who on your behalf brought back

those young Spartan ravens all chained together.”

SAUSAGE SELLER

The Paphlagonian was drunk that day— that’s why he took such a dangerous risk.

[The Sausage Seller pretends to read from one of his scrolls.]

“O poorly counselled son of Cecrops, why believe that was a mighty deed? For even a woman can bear a load if a man places it on her. But she won’t fight.”

[The Sausage Seller points to the Paphlagonian.]

If he went into battle, he’d crap his pants.

PAPHLAGONIAN

But consider the phrase “Pylos before Pylos,” something the god has drawn to your attention—there is

“A Pylos before Pylos.”

DEMOS

What does he mean by that expression “Pylos before Pylos”?

SAUSAGE SELLER

He’s saying he will pile up piles of bath tubs

τί τοῦτο λέγει, πρὸ Πύλοιο;
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
1060 τὰς πυέλους φησὶν καταλήψεσθʼ ἐν βαλανείῳ.
Δῆμος
ἐγὼ δʼ ἄλουτος τήμερον γενήσομαι;
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
οὗτος γὰρ ἡμῶν τὰς πυέλους ἀφήρπασεν.
ἀλλʼ οὑτοσὶ γάρ ἐστι περὶ τοῦ ναυτικοῦ
χρησμός, σε δεῖ προσέχειν τὸν νοῦν πάνυ.
Δῆμος
1065 προσέχω· σὺ δʼ ἀναγίγνωσκε, τοῖς ναύταισί μου
ὅπως μισθὸς πρῶτον ἀποδοθήσεται.
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
Αἰγεΐδη φράσσαι κυναλώπεκα, μή σε δολώσῃ,
λαίθαργον ταχύπουν, δολίαν κερδὼ πολύιδριν.
οἶσθʼ τι ἐστὶν τοῦτο;
1060–1069

and take them from the wash house.

DEMOS

So today I won’t be having my bath?

SAUSAGE SELLER

No, you won’t, since he’s taken away our tubs. Here’s one— an oracle about the fleet. You should give it your very close attention.

DEMOS

I’m listening. You read it. First of all, how my sailors are going to get their pay.

SAUSAGE SELLER [pretending to read from a scroll]

“Son of Aegeus, beware of the fox-dog, in case he tricks you. He’s full of deceit, runs fast, and is cunning and resourceful.” Do you know what that means?

DEMOS

Well, the dog fox— that’s Philostratus.

SAUSAGE SELLER

That’s not what it says.

Φιλόστρατος κυναλώπηξ.
1070 οὐ τοῦτό φησιν, ἀλλὰ ναῦς ἑκάστοτε
αἰτεῖ ταχείας ἀργυρολόγους οὑτοσί·
ταύτας ἀπαυδᾷ μὴ διδόναι σʼ Λοξίας.
Δῆμος
πῶς δὴ τριήρης ἐστὶ κυναλώπηξ;
ὅπως;
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
ὅτι τριήρης ἐστὶ χὠ κύων ταχύ.
Δῆμος
1075 πῶς οὖν ἀλώπηξ προσετέθη πρὸς τῷ κυνί;
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
ἀλωπεκίοισι τοὺς στρατιώτας ᾔκασεν,
ὁτιὴ βότρυς τρώγουσιν ἐν τοῖς χωρίοις.
Δῆμος
εἶεν·
τούτοις μισθὸς τοῖς ἀλωπεκίοισι ποῦ;
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
ἐγὼ ποριῶ, καὶ τοῦτον ἡμερῶν τριῶν.
1070–1079

It’s about the fast ships which collect the cash, the ones this fellow here keeps requesting. Loxias is telling you not to give them.

DEMOS

How does a warship become a fox dog?

SAUSAGE SELLER

How come? Because warships and fox dogs

both move fast.

DEMOS

Then why does it say fox dog instead of just a dog?

SAUSAGE SELLER

It’s a comparison. It’s saying fox dogs resemble soldiers, who, like them, feed on grapes from vineyards.

DEMOS

All right, then. Where’s the pay for these fox cubs?

SAUSAGE SELLER

I’ll see to that and within three days, too. But pay attention to this oracle,

1080 ἀλλʼ ἔτι τόνδʼ ἐπάκουσον, ὃν εἶπέ σοι ἐξαλέασθαι
χρησμὸν Λητοΐδης, Κυλλήνην, μή σε δολώσῃ.
Δῆμος
ποίαν Κυλλήνην;
τὴν τούτου χεῖρʼ ἐποίησεν
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
Κυλλήνην ὀρθῶς, ὁτιή φησʼ, ἔμβαλε κυλλῇ.
Κλέων
οὐκ ὀρθῶς φράζει· τὴν Κυλλήνην γὰρ Φοῖβος
1085 ἐς τὴν χεῖρʼ ὀρθῶς ᾐνίξατο τὴν Διοπείθους.
ἀλλὰ γάρ ἐστιν ἐμοὶ χρησμὸς περὶ σοῦ πτερυγωτός,
αἰετὸς ὡς γίγνει καὶ πάσης γῆς βασιλεύεις.
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
καὶ γὰρ ἐμοί· καὶ γῆς καὶ τῆς ἐρυθρᾶς γε θαλάσσης,
χὤτι γʼ ἐν Ἐκβατάνοις δικάσεις, λείχων ἐπίπαστα.
1080–1089

where Leto’s son tells you to shun the port called Crooked Harbour—that place may trick you.

DEMOS

What’s Crooked Harbour?

SAUSAGE SELLER [indicating the Paphlagonian]

It clearly states here

that Crooked Harbour is this fellow’s hand— since he’s always saying, “My hand’s crooked, so put something in it.”

PAPHLAGONIAN

He’s telling lies! The correct reading of that cryptic saying is that Phoebus means by “Crooked Harbour” the hand of Diopeithes. But look here, I have an oracle with wings—about you. You will become an eagle and a king ruling all the earth.

SAUSAGE SELLER

I have one, as well— you will rule the Earth and the Red Sea, too,

be a presiding judge in Ebatana and lick up decorated cakes.

PAPHLAGONIAN

In a dream I have seen Athena herself. I saw her

Κλέων
1090 ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ εἶδον ὄναρ, καί μοὐδόκει θεὸς αὐτὴ
τοῦ δήμου καταχεῖν ἀρυταίνῃ πλουθυγίειαν.
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
νὴ Δία καὶ γὰρ ἐγώ· καί μοὐδόκει θεὸς αὐτὴ
ἐκ πόλεως ἐλθεῖν καὶ γλαῦξ αὐτῇ ʼπικαθῆσθαι·
εἶτα κατασπένδειν κατὰ τῆς κεφαλῆς ἀρυβάλλῳ
1095 ἀμβροσίαν κατὰ σοῦ, κατὰ τούτου δὲ σκοροδάλμην.
Δῆμος
ἰοὺ ἰού.
οὐκ ἦν ἄρʼ οὐδεὶς τοῦ Γλάνιδος σοφώτερος.
καὶ νῦν ἐμαυτὸν ἐπιτρέπω σοι τουτονὶ
γερονταγωγεῖν κἀναπαιδεύειν πάλιν.
1090–1099

pouring health and wealth all over Demos with a bucket.

SAUSAGE SELLER

I’ve seen the goddess, too. I saw her come in person, moving out from the Acropolis—she had an owl perched on her helmet. Then over your head she poured ambrosia from a little jug, and over his head . . .

[He indicates the Paphlagonian.]

. . . she dumped pickled garlic.

DEMOS

That’s splendid! It’s really true that no one is cleverer than Glanis. And so now I commit myself to you, to guide me in my old age and to educate me once more from the start.

PAPHLAGONIAN

No, no! Not yet! I’m begging you. Just wait a little while,

Κλέων
1100 μήπω γʼ, ἱκετεύω σʼ, ἀλλʼ ἀνάμεινον, ὡς ἐγὼ
κριθὰς ποριῶ σοι καὶ βίον καθʼ ἡμέραν.
Δῆμος
οὐκ ἀνέχομαι κριθῶν ἀκούων· πολλάκις
ἐξηπατήθην ὑπό τε σοῦ καὶ Θουφάνους.
Κλέων
ἀλλʼ ἄλφιτʼ ἤδη σοι ποριῶ ʼσκευασμένα.
Ἀλλαντοπώλης
1105 ἐγὼ δὲ μαζίσκας γε διαμεμαγμένας
καὶ τοὔψον ὀπτόν· μηδὲν ἄλλʼ εἰ μὴ ʼσθιε.
Δῆμος
ἀνύσατέ νυν τι περ ποιήσεθʼ· ὡς ἐγώ,
ὁπότερος ἂν σφῷν νῦν με μᾶλλον εὖ ποιῇ,
τούτῳ παραδώσω τῆς πυκνὸς τὰς ἡνίας.
1100–1109

so I can provide some barley for you and what you need to live on every day.

DEMOS

I can’t stand to hear you talk of barley. I’ve been cheated too many times by you and by Thuphanes.

PAPHLAGONIAN

How about flour cakes? I’ll provide some, especially for you!

SAUSAGE SELLER

I’ll give you well-kneaded scones and nicely roasted meat, All you have to do is eat it.

DEMOS

All right. Get a move on with what you’re going to do. Then I’ll hand over the keys to the Pnyx to whichever one of you is better at giving me good service.

PAPHLAGONIAN

I’ll be the first to run inside.

SAUSAGE SELLER

No you won’t. I will!

Κλέων
1110 τρέχοιμʼ ἂν εἴσω πρότερος.
1110–1119
[The Paphlagonian and the Sausage Seller both rush into the house.]
CHORUS

O Demos your rule

is surely so fine, you’re like a tyrant men fear all the time. But you’re easy to fool— you like flattering cries and love to be praised and told plenty of lies. You listen to speakers with mouth open wide your mind may be present

but it’s gone for a ride.

1110 οὐ δῆτʼ ἀλλʼ ἐγώ.
1110–1119
[The Paphlagonian and the Sausage Seller both rush into the house.]
CHORUS

O Demos your rule

is surely so fine, you’re like a tyrant men fear all the time. But you’re easy to fool— you like flattering cries and love to be praised and told plenty of lies. You listen to speakers with mouth open wide your mind may be present

but it’s gone for a ride.

Translation by Ian Johnston, Vancouver Island University
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An open-access project
Hall 1906
OCT
Hall & Geldart, OCT, 1906 · 1906
The Editor

Frederick William Hall (1865–1948) was a classical scholar and Fellow of St John's College, Oxford. Together with William Martin Geldart, he produced the Oxford Classical Text of several authors. Hall was a careful editor known for his thorough collation of manuscripts and his conservative approach to textual criticism.

About This Edition

The Hall–Geldart editions in the Oxford Classical Texts series provide reliable critical texts with selective apparatus criticus. The OCT series, established in 1894 as the Scriptorum Classicorum Bibliotheca Oxoniensis, aims to present the best available Greek and Latin texts in a format suitable for both scholarly use and teaching. Each volume provides a clean text with the most significant manuscript variants recorded at the foot of each page.

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