First Episode
ἔα ἔα,
προδεδόμεθʼ ἀνόσιά τʼ ἐπάθομεν·
ὃς γὰρ φίλος ἦν ὁμότροφά θʼ ἡμῖν
330 ἐνέμετο πεδία παρʼ ἡμῖν,
παρέβη μὲν θεσμοὺς ἀρχαίους,
παρέβη δʼ ὅρκους ὀρνίθων·
ἐς δὲ δόλον ἐκάλεσε, παρέβαλέ τʼ ἐμὲ παρὰ
γένος ἀνόσιον, ὅπερ ἐξότʼ ἐγένετʼ ἐπʼ ἐμοὶ
335 πολέμιον ἐτράφη.
Χορός
ἀλλὰ πρὸς τοῦτον μὲν ἡμῖν ἐστιν ὕστερος λόγος·
τὼ δὲ πρεσβύτα δοκεῖ μοι τώδε δοῦναι τὴν δίκην
διαφορηθῆναί θʼ ὑφʼ ἡμῶν.
ὡς ἀπωλόμεσθʼ ἄρα.
Ἐυελπίδης
αἴτιος μέντοι σὺ νῷν εἶ τῶν κακῶν τούτων μόνος.
330–339

now breaks old laws and doesn’t care.

We swore a pact of all the birds. He’s now trapped us with deceitful words— so power goes

to all our foes, that wicked race which since its birth was raised for war with us on earth.

CHORUS LEADER

We’ll have some words with that one later. These two old men should get their punishment— I think we should give it now. Let’s do it— rip ’em to pieces, bit by bit.

PISTHETAIROS

We’re done for.

EUELPIDES

It’s all your fault—getting us into this mess.

Why’d you bring me here?

PISTHETAIROS

I wanted you to come.

340 ἐπὶ τί γάρ μʼ ἐκεῖθεν ἦγες;
340–349
EUELPIDES

What? So I could weep myself to death?

PISTHETAIROS

Now, you’re really talking nonsense— how do you intend to weep, once these birds poke out your eyes?

CHORUS [advancing towards Pisthetairos and Euelpides]

On, on . . . let’s move in to attack, and launch a bloody rush, come in from front and back,

and break ’em in the crush— with wings on every side

they’ll have no place to hide.

These two will start to howl, when my beak starts to eat

and makes ’em food for fowl. There’s no well-shaded peak, no cloud or salt-grey sea

340 ἵνʼ ἀκολουθοίης ἐμοί.
ἵνα μὲν οὖν κλάοιμι μεγάλα.
τοῦτο μὲν ληρεῖς ἔχων
Πισθέταιρος
κάρτα· πῶς κλαύσει γάρ, ἢν ἅπαξ γε τὠφθαλμὼ ʼκκοπῇς;
Χορός
ἰὼ ἰώ,
ἔπαγʼ ἔπιθʼ ἐπίφερε πολέμιον
345 ὁρμὰν φονίαν, πτέρυγά τε παντᾷ
ἐπίβαλε περί τε κύκλωσαι·
ὡς δεῖ τώδʼ οἰμώζειν ἄμφω
καὶ δοῦναι ῥύγχει φορβάν.
οὔτε γὰρ ὄρος σκιερὸν οὔτε νέφος αἰθέριον
340–349
EUELPIDES

What? So I could weep myself to death?

PISTHETAIROS

Now, you’re really talking nonsense— how do you intend to weep, once these birds poke out your eyes?

CHORUS [advancing towards Pisthetairos and Euelpides]

On, on . . . let’s move in to attack, and launch a bloody rush, come in from front and back,

and break ’em in the crush— with wings on every side

they’ll have no place to hide.

These two will start to howl, when my beak starts to eat

and makes ’em food for fowl. There’s no well-shaded peak, no cloud or salt-grey sea

350 οὔτε πολιὸν πέλαγος ἔστιν τι δέξεται
τώδʼ ἀποφυγόντε με.
ἀλλὰ μὴ μέλλωμεν ἤδη τώδε τίλλειν καὶ δάκνειν.
ποῦ ʼσθʼ ταξίαρχος; ἐπαγέτω τὸ δεξιὸν κέρας.
Ἐυελπίδης
τοῦτʼ ἐκεῖνο· ποῖφύγω δύστηνος;
οὗτος οὐ μενεῖς;
355 ἵνʼ ὑπὸ τούτων διαφορηθῶ;
355 πῶς γὰρ ἂν τούτους δοκεῖς
Πισθέταιρος
ἐκφυγεῖν;
οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅπως ἄν.
ἀλλʼ ἐγώ τοί σοι λέγω,
ὅτι μένοντε δεῖ μάχεσθαι λαμβάνειν τε τῶν χυτρῶν.
Ἐυελπίδης
τί δὲ χύτρα νώ γʼ ὠφελήσει;
γλαῦξ μὲν οὐ πρόσεισι νῷν.
τοῖς δὲ γαμψώνυξι τοισδί;
350–359

where they can flee from me.

CHORUS LEADER

Now let’s bite and tear these two apart! Where’s the brigadier? Bring up the right wing!

[The birds start to close in on Pisthetairos and Euelpides, cowering up on the rocks.]
EUELPIDES

This is it! I’m done for. Where can I run?

PISTHETAIROS

Why aren’t you staying put?

EUELPIDES

Here with you?

I don’t want ’em to rip me into pieces.

PISTHETAIROS

How do you intend to get away from them?

EUELPIDES

I haven’t a clue.

PISTHETAIROS

Then I’ll tell you how— we have to stay right here and fight it out. So put that cauldron down.

[Pisthetairos takes the cauldron from Euelpides and sets it down on the ground in front of them.]
EUELPIDES

What good’s a cauldron?

PISTHETAIROS

It’ll keep the owls away from us.

EUELPIDES

What about the birds with claws?

PISTHETAIROS [rummaging in the pack

Grab this spit— stick it in the ground in front of you.

EUELPIDES

How do we protect our eyes?

τὸν ὀβελίσκον ἁρπάσας
Πισθέταιρος
360 εἶτα κατάπηξον πρὸ σαυτοῦ.
360–369
PISTHETAIROS [producing a couple of tin bowls]

An upturned bowl.

Set this on your head.

EUELPIDES: [putting the tin bowl upside down on his head and holding up the pot, with the spit stuck in the ground]

That’s brilliant! What a grand stroke of warlike strategy! In military matters you’re the best—

already smarter than that Nikias.

[Pisthetairos and Euelpides, with tin bowls on their heads, await the birds’ charge, with Pisthetairos hiding behind Euelpides, who is holding up the big pot. Their two slaves cower behind them.]
CHORUS LEADER

El-el-el-eu . . . Charge! Keep those beaks level—no holding back now!

Pull ’em, scratch ’em, hit ’em, rip their skins off! Go smash that big pot first of all.

[As the Chorus is about to start its charge, Tereus rushes in between the two men and the Chorus and tries to stop the Chorus Leader.]
TEREUS

Hold on, you wickedest of animals! Tell me this: Why do you want to kill these men,

to tear them both to bits? They’ve done no wrong. Besides, they’re my wife’s relatives, her clansmen.

CHORUS LEADER

Why should we be more merciful to them than we are to wolves? What other animals are greater enemies of ours than them? Have we got better targets for revenge?

360 τοῖσι δʼ ὀφθαλμοῖσι τί;
ὀξύβαφον ἐντευθενὶ προσδοῦ λαβὼν τρύβλιον.
Ἐυελπίδης
σοφώτατʼ, εὖ γʼ ἀνηῦρες αὐτὸ καὶ στρατηγικῶς·
ὑπερακοντίζεις σύ γʼ ἤδη Νικίαν ταῖς μηχαναῖς.
Χορός
ἐλελελεῦ χώρει κάθες τὸ ῥύγχος· οὐ μέλλειν ἐχρῆν.
365 ἕλκε τίλλε παῖε δεῖρε, κόπτε πρώτην τὴν χύτραν.
Ἔποψ
εἰπέ μοι τί μέλλετʼ πάντων κάκιστα θηρίων
ἀπολέσαι παθόντες οὐδὲν ἄνδρε καὶ διασπάσαι
τῆς ἐμῆς γυναικὸς ὄντε ξυγγενεῖ καὶ φυλέτα;
Χορός
φεισόμεσθα γάρ τι τῶνδε μᾶλλον ἡμεῖς λύκων;
360–369
PISTHETAIROS [producing a couple of tin bowls]

An upturned bowl.

Set this on your head.

EUELPIDES: [putting the tin bowl upside down on his head and holding up the pot, with the spit stuck in the ground]

That’s brilliant! What a grand stroke of warlike strategy! In military matters you’re the best—

already smarter than that Nikias.

[Pisthetairos and Euelpides, with tin bowls on their heads, await the birds’ charge, with Pisthetairos hiding behind Euelpides, who is holding up the big pot. Their two slaves cower behind them.]
CHORUS LEADER

El-el-el-eu . . . Charge! Keep those beaks level—no holding back now!

Pull ’em, scratch ’em, hit ’em, rip their skins off! Go smash that big pot first of all.

[As the Chorus is about to start its charge, Tereus rushes in between the two men and the Chorus and tries to stop the Chorus Leader.]
TEREUS

Hold on, you wickedest of animals! Tell me this: Why do you want to kill these men,

to tear them both to bits? They’ve done no wrong. Besides, they’re my wife’s relatives, her clansmen.

CHORUS LEADER

Why should we be more merciful to them than we are to wolves? What other animals are greater enemies of ours than them? Have we got better targets for revenge?

370 τίνας τεισαίμεθʼ ἄλλους τῶνδʼ ἂν ἐχθίους ἔτι;
Ἔποψ
εἰ δὲ τὴν φύσιν μὲν ἐχθροὶ τὸν δὲ νοῦν εἰσιν φίλοι,
καὶ διδάξοντές τι δεῦρʼ ἥκουσιν ὑμᾶς χρήσιμον;
Χορός
πῶς δʼ ἂν οἵδʼ ἡμᾶς τι χρήσιμον διδάξειάν ποτε
φράσειαν, ὄντες ἐχθροὶ τοῖσι πάπποις τοῖς ἐμοῖς;
Ἔποψ
375 ἀλλʼ ἀπʼ ἐχθρῶν δῆτα πολλὰ μανθάνουσιν οἱ σοφοί.
γὰρ εὐλάβεια σῴζει πάντα. παρὰ μὲν οὖν φίλου
οὐ μάθοις ἂν τοῦθʼ, δʼ ἐχθρὸς εὐθὺς ἐξηνάγκασεν.
αὐτίχʼ αἱ πόλεις παρʼ ἀνδρῶν γʼ ἔμαθον ἐχθρῶν κοὐ φίλων
ἐκπονεῖν θʼ ὑψηλὰ τείχη ναῦς τε κεκτῆσθαι μακράς·
370–379
TEREUS

Yes, by nature enemies—but what if they’ve got good intentions? What if they’ve come to teach you something really valuable?

CHORUS LEADER

How could they ever teach us anything,

or tell us something useful—they’re enemies, our feathered forefathers’ fierce foes.

TEREUS

But folks with fine minds find from foemen they can learn a lot. Caution saves us all. We don’t learn that from friends. But enemies can force that truth upon us right away. That’s why cities learn, not from their allies, but from enemies, how to build high walls, assemble fleets of warships—in that way, their knowledge saves their children, homes, and goods.

380 τὸ δὲ μάθημα τοῦτο σῴζει παῖδας οἶκον χρήματα.
Χορός
ἔστι μὲν λόγων ἀκοῦσαι πρῶτον, ὡς ἡμῖν δοκεῖ,
χρήσιμον· μάθοι γὰρ ἄν τις κἀπὸ τῶν ἐχθρῶν σοφόν.
Πισθέταιρος
οἵδε τῆς ὀργῆς χαλᾶν εἴξασιν. ἄναγʼ ἐπὶ σκέλος.
Ἔποψ
καὶ δίκαιόν γʼ ἐστὶ κἀμοὶ δεῖ νέμειν ὑμᾶς χάριν.
Χορός
385 ἀλλὰ μὴν οὐδʼ ἄλλο σοί πω πρᾶγμʼ ἐνηντιώμεθα.
Πισθέταιρος
μᾶλλον εἰρήνην ἄγουσι νὴ Δίʼ, ὥστε τὴν χύτραν
τώ τε τρυβλίω καθίει·
καὶ τὸ δόρυ χρή, τὸν ὀβελίσκον,
περιπατεῖν ἔχοντας ἡμᾶς
380–389
CHORUS LEADER

Well, here’s what seems best to me—first of all, let’s hear what they have come to say. It’s true— our enemies can teach us something wise.

PISTHETAIROS [to Euelpides]

I think their anger’s easing off. Let’s retreat.

[Pisthetairos and Euelpides inch their way toward the doors, still bunched together, with Euelpides holding up the pot.]
TEREUS [to the Chorus Leader]

It’s only fair—and you do owe me a favour, out of gratitude.

CHORUS LEADER

In other things, before today, we’ve never stood against you.

PISTHETAIROS

They’re acting now more peacefully to us— so put that pot and bowl down on the ground. But we’d better hang onto the spit, our spear.

We’ll use it on patrol inside our camp

390 τῶν ὅπλων ἐντός, παρʼ αὐτὴν
τὴν χύτραν ἄκραν ὁρῶντας
ἐγγύς· ὡς οὐ φευκτέον νῷν.
Ἐυελπίδης
ἐτεὸν ἢν δʼ ἄρʼ ἀποθάνωμεν,
κατορυχθησόμεσθα ποῦ γῆς;
Πισθέταιρος
395 Κεραμεικὸς δέξεται νώ.
δημοσίᾳ γὰρ ἵνα ταφῶμεν,
φήσομεν πρὸς τοὺς στρατηγοὺς
μαχομένω τοῖς πολεμίοισιν
ἀποθανεῖν ἐν Ὀρνεαῖς.
390–399

right by this cauldron here. Keep your eyes peeled— don’t even think of running away.

[Euelpides puts down the cauldron, removes his tin-plate helmet, and marches with the spear back and forth by the cauldron, on guard.]
EUELPIDES

What happens if we’re killed? Where on earth will we be buried?

PISTHETAIRO

In Kerameikos— where the potters live—they’ll bury both of us. We’ll get it done and have the public pay— I’ll tell the generals we died in battle, fighting with the troops at Orneai.

CHORUS LEADER

Fall back into the ranks you held before.

Translation by Ian Johnston, Vancouver Island University
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An open-access project
Hall 1906
OCT
Hall & Geldart, OCT, 1906 · 1906
The Editor

Frederick William Hall (1865–1948) was a classical scholar and Fellow of St John's College, Oxford. Together with William Martin Geldart, he produced the Oxford Classical Text of several authors. Hall was a careful editor known for his thorough collation of manuscripts and his conservative approach to textual criticism.

About This Edition

The Hall–Geldart editions in the Oxford Classical Texts series provide reliable critical texts with selective apparatus criticus. The OCT series, established in 1894 as the Scriptorum Classicorum Bibliotheca Oxoniensis, aims to present the best available Greek and Latin texts in a format suitable for both scholarly use and teaching. Each volume provides a clean text with the most significant manuscript variants recorded at the foot of each page.

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