Parodos
Ξανθίας
Εἴπω τι τῶν εἰωθότων δέσποτα,
ἐφʼ οἷς ἀεὶ γελῶσιν οἱ θεώμενοι;
Διόνυσος
νὴ τὸν Δίʼ τι Βούλει γε, πλὴν πιέζομαι,
τοῦτο δὲ φύλαξαι· πάνυ γάρ ἐστʼ ἤδη χολή.
Ξανθίας
5 μηδʼ ἕτερον ἀστεῖόν τι;
5 πλήν γʼ ὡς θλίβομαι.
νὴ Δία
τί δαί; τὸ πάνυ γέλοιον εἴπω;
Διόνυσος
θαρρῶν γε· μόνον ἐκεῖνʼ ὅπως μὴ ʼρεῖς,
τὸ τί;
μεταβαλλόμενος τἀνάφορον ὅτι χεζητιᾷς.
Ξανθίας
μηδʼ ὅτι τοσοῦτον ἄχθος ἐπʼ ἐμαυτῷ φέρων,
10 εἰ μὴ καθαιρήσει τις, ἀποπαρδήσομαι;
Διόνυσος
μὴ δῆθʼ, ἱκετεύω, πλήν γʼ ὅταν μέλλω ʼξεμεῖν.
Ξανθίας
τί δῆτʼ ἔδει με ταῦτα τὰ σκεύη φέρειν,
εἴπερ ποιήσω μηδὲν ὧνπερ Φρύνιχος
εἴωθε ποιεῖν καὶ Λύκις κἀμειψίας;
Διόνυσος
μή νυν ποιήσῃς· ὡς ἐγὼ θεώμενος,
ὅταν τι τούτων τῶν σοφισμάτων ἴδω,
πλεῖν ʼνιαυτῷ πρεσβύτερος ἀπέρχομαι.
Ξανθίας
τρισκακοδαίμων ἄρʼ τράχηλος οὑτοσί,
10–19
DIONYSUS

Please, please, don't talk about that one— not unless I’m sick and need to throw up.

XANTHIAS

Then what’s the point of my being here like this? Why do I get to carry all the heavy baggage if I can’t tell the usual porter jokes—you know, the ones Ameipsias and Phrynichus and Lycias, too, in all their comedies

provide the slave who carries all the bags?

DIONYSUS

Just don’t. Those jokes are all so feeble— when I have to watch a play and hear them by the time I leave I’ve aged at least a year.

XANTHIAS [striking a heroic tragic pose]

Alas, for my neck beneath this triply damned yoke. I suffer all this pressure and can’t tell my joke.

20 ὅτι θλίβεται μέν, τὸ δὲ γέλοιον οὐκ ἐρεῖ.
Διόνυσος
εἶτʼ οὐχ ὕβρις ταῦτʼ ἐστὶ καὶ πολλὴ τρυφή,
ὅτʼ ἐγὼ μὲν ὢν Διόνυσος υἱὸς Σταμνίου
αὐτὸς βαδίζω καὶ πονῶ, τοῦτον δʼ ὀχῶ,
ἵνα μὴ ταλαιπωροῖτο μηδʼ ἄχθος φέροι;
Ξανθίας
25 οὐ γὰρ φέρω ʼγώ;
25 πῶς φέρεις γὰρ ὅς γʼ ὀχεῖ;
φέρων γε ταυτί.
τίνα τρόπον;
Βαρέως πάνυ.
Διόνυσος
οὔκουν τὸ Βάρος τοῦθʼ σὺ φέρεις ὄνος φέρει;
Ξανθίας
οὐ δῆθʼ γʼ ἔχω ʼγὼ καὶ φέρω μὰ τὸν Δίʼ οὔ.
Διόνυσος
πῶς γὰρ φέρεις, ὅς γʼ αὐτὸς ὑφʼ ἑτέρου φέρει;
20–29
DIONYSUS

It’s an outrage, sheer insolence, that I, Dionysus, son of Winejar, have to walk like this, sweating along so he can ride at ease without a care and carrying no load.

XANTHIAS

What!?

Aren’t I carrying the load?

DIONYSUS

How can you be? You’re riding on your ass.

XANTHIAS

I’m loaded down. All this stuff . . .

DIONYSUS

What do you mean by that?

XANTHIAS

What I just said carries lots of weight.

DIONYSUS

Isn’t the donkey carrying our load?

XANTHIAS

No, no way. Not the load I’m holding.

DIONYSUS

How come? How can you be carrying anything at all when someone else is carrying you?

XANTHIAS

I’ve no idea. But my shoulder’s falling off.

Ξανθίας
30 οὐκ οἶδʼ· δʼ ὦμος οὑτοσὶ πιέζεται.
Διόνυσος
σὺ δʼ οὖν ἐπειδὴ τὸν ὄνον οὐ φῄς σʼ ὠφελεῖν,
ἐν τῷ μέρει σὺ τὸν ὄνον ἀράμενος φέρε.
Ξανθίας
οἴμοι κακοδαίμων· τί γὰρ ἐγὼ οὐκ ἐναυμάχουν;
τἄν σε κωκύειν ἂν ἐκέλευον μακρά.
Διόνυσος
35 κατάβα πανοῦργε. καὶ γὰρ ἐγγὺς τῆς θύρας
ἤδη βαδίζων εἰμὶ τῆσδʼ, οἷ πρῶτά με
ἔδει τραπέσθαι. παιδίον, παῖ, ἠμί, παῖ.
Ἡρακλῆς
τίς τὴν θύραν ἐπάταξεν; ὡς κενταυρικῶς
ἐνήλαθʼ ὅστις· εἰπέ μοι τουτὶ τί ἦν;
30–39
DIONYSUS

All right, then. Since you claim the donkey’s useless to you,

why not take your turn and carry it?

XANTHIAS

What a wretched life! I should have gone away to fight at sea— then I’d be free and I’d have told you straight what you could do with that ass of yours.

DIONYSUS

Get down, you useless idiot! We’re there— by the door I’m aiming for, my first stop.

[Dionysus knocks very aggressively on the door and calls out in a very imperious tone.]

Hey, in there! Doorman! I’m summoning you.

[The door opens and Hercules steps out, wearing a lion’s skin and carrying a club. He’s amazed that someone is dressed up to resemble him.]
HERCULES

Who’s banging on this door—smashing at it like some wild centaur. My god, what’s this?

[Hercules inspects Dionysus’ outfit and starts to laugh uproariously.]
DIONYSUS

Hey, my boy . . .

XANTHIAS

What?

DIONYSUS

Didn’t you see?

XANTHIAS

See what?

Διόνυσος
40 παῖς.
40–49
DIONYSUS

How scared he was of me?

XANTHIAS

Yes, by god, he was, scared you’re nuts.

HERCULES [doubling up with laughter]

By holy Demeter, I can’t stop laughing. I’ll try biting my lip. No, no use. I can’t stop laughing at him.

DIONYSUS

Come here, my good man. I need something from you.

HERCULES [still laughing out of control]

I can’t help myself—he’s so ridiculous. Seeing that lion skin above that yellow dress. What’s going on? Do people with large clubs now walk around in leather booties?

Where on earth do you think you’re going?

DIONYSUS

I’ve done naval service under Cleisthenes.

HERCULES

At that sea battle?

DIONYSUS

Yes—and sunk enemy ships, twelve or thirteen of them.

40 τί ἔστιν;
40–49
DIONYSUS

How scared he was of me?

XANTHIAS

Yes, by god, he was, scared you’re nuts.

HERCULES [doubling up with laughter]

By holy Demeter, I can’t stop laughing. I’ll try biting my lip. No, no use. I can’t stop laughing at him.

DIONYSUS

Come here, my good man. I need something from you.

HERCULES [still laughing out of control]

I can’t help myself—he’s so ridiculous. Seeing that lion skin above that yellow dress. What’s going on? Do people with large clubs now walk around in leather booties?

Where on earth do you think you’re going?

DIONYSUS

I’ve done naval service under Cleisthenes.

HERCULES

At that sea battle?

DIONYSUS

Yes—and sunk enemy ships, twelve or thirteen of them.

40 οὐκ ἐνεθυμήθης;
40–49
DIONYSUS

How scared he was of me?

XANTHIAS

Yes, by god, he was, scared you’re nuts.

HERCULES [doubling up with laughter]

By holy Demeter, I can’t stop laughing. I’ll try biting my lip. No, no use. I can’t stop laughing at him.

DIONYSUS

Come here, my good man. I need something from you.

HERCULES [still laughing out of control]

I can’t help myself—he’s so ridiculous. Seeing that lion skin above that yellow dress. What’s going on? Do people with large clubs now walk around in leather booties?

Where on earth do you think you’re going?

DIONYSUS

I’ve done naval service under Cleisthenes.

HERCULES

At that sea battle?

DIONYSUS

Yes—and sunk enemy ships, twelve or thirteen of them.

40 τὸ τί;
ὡς σφόδρα μʼ ἔδεισε.
νὴ Δία μὴ μαίνοιό γε.
Ἡρακλῆς
οὔ τοι μὰ τὴν Δήμητρα δύναμαι μὴ γελᾶν·
καίτοι δάκνω γʼ ἐμαυτόν· ἀλλʼ ὅμως γελῶ.
Διόνυσος
δαιμόνιε πρόσελθε· δέομαι γάρ τί σου.
Ἡρακλῆς
45 ἀλλʼ οὐχ οἷός τʼ εἴμʼ ἀποσοβῆσαι τὸν γέλων
ὁρῶν λεοντῆν ἐπὶ κροκωτῷ κειμένην.
τίς νοῦς; τί κόθορνος καὶ ῥόπαλον ξυνηλθέτην;
ποῖ γῆς ἀπεδήμεις;
ἐπεβάτευον Κλεισθένει
κἀναυμάχησας;
40–49
DIONYSUS

How scared he was of me?

XANTHIAS

Yes, by god, he was, scared you’re nuts.

HERCULES [doubling up with laughter]

By holy Demeter, I can’t stop laughing. I’ll try biting my lip. No, no use. I can’t stop laughing at him.

DIONYSUS

Come here, my good man. I need something from you.

HERCULES [still laughing out of control]

I can’t help myself—he’s so ridiculous. Seeing that lion skin above that yellow dress. What’s going on? Do people with large clubs now walk around in leather booties?

Where on earth do you think you’re going?

DIONYSUS

I’ve done naval service under Cleisthenes.

HERCULES

At that sea battle?

DIONYSUS

Yes—and sunk enemy ships, twelve or thirteen of them.

καὶ κατεδύσαμέν γε ναῦς
Διόνυσος
50 τῶν πολεμίων δώδεκʼ τρεῖς καὶ δέκα.
Ἡρακλῆς
σφώ;
νὴ τὸν Ἀπόλλω.
κᾆτʼ ἔγωγʼ ἐξηγρόμην.
Διόνυσος
καὶ δῆτʼ ἐπὶ τῆς νεὼς ἀναγιγνώσκοντί μοι
τὴν Ἀνδρομέδαν πρὸς ἐμαυτὸν ἐξαίφνης πόθος
τὴν καρδίαν ἐπάταξε πῶς οἴει σφόδρα.
Ἡρακλῆς
55 πόθος; πόσος τις;
55 μικρὸς ἡλίκος Μόλων.
γυναικός;
οὐ δῆτʼ.
ἀλλὰ παιδός;
οὐδαμῶς.
ἀλλʼ ἀνδρός;
ἀπαπαί.
ξυνεγένου τῷ Κλεισθένει;
Διόνυσος
μὴ σκῶπτέ μʼ ὦδέλφʼ· οὐ γὰρ ἀλλʼ ἔχω κακῶς·
τοιοῦτος ἵμερός με διαλυμαίνεται.
50–59
HERCULES

Just the two of you?

DIONYSUS

Yes, by Apollo, we did.

XANTHIAS

Then I woke up.

DIONYSUS

I was on board with Euripides’ Andromeda, reading to myself aloud, when suddenly a huge urge seized my heart. You’ve no idea how strong.

HERCULES

An urge? How big was it?

DIONYSUS

The size of Molon—tiny.

HERCULES

For a woman?

DIONYSUS

No, no.

HERCULES

A young lad, then?

DIONYSUS

Certainly not.

HERCULES

Well, then, a man?

DIONYSUS

Ugh!

HERCULES

Did you grab hold of your Cleisthenes?

DIONYSUS

Don’t mock me, brother. I’m not doing so well, tormented by such hot desires.

HERCULES

Tell me, my little brother, what’s it like?

DIONYSUS

I can’t explain.

Ἡρακλῆς
60 ποῖός τις ὦδελφίδιον;
60–69

But I’ll try to show you by analogy.

Have you ever had a craving for some stew?

HERCULES

For stew? In my life maybe ten thousand times.

DIONYSUS

Is that explanation clear enough to you? Or shall I try some other way?

HERCULES

Not about stew! That I understand completely.

DIONYSUS

Well then,

that’s how much I’m eaten up with my desire for Euripides.

HERCULES

Even when he’s dead?

DIONYSUS

So no one’s going to talk me out of it— I have to find him.

HERCULES

Right down in Hell?

DIONYSUS

Or even lower, by god, if there’s such a place.

60 οὐκ ἔχω φράσαι.
Διόνυσος
ὅμως γε μέντοι σοι διʼ αἰνιγμῶν ἐρῶ.
ἤδη ποτʼ ἐπεθύμησας ἐξαίφνης ἔτνους;
Ἡρακλῆς
ἔτνους; βαβαιάξ, μυριάκις γʼ ἐν τῷ βίῳ.
Διόνυσος
ἆρʼ ἐκδιδάσκω τὸ σαφὲς ʼτέρᾳ φράσω;
Ἡρακλῆς
65 μὴ δῆτα περὶ ἔτνους γε· πάνυ γὰρ μανθάνω.
Διόνυσος
τοιουτοσὶ τοίνυν με δαρδάπτει πόθος
Εὐριπίδου.
καὶ ταῦτα τοῦ τεθνηκότος;
κοὐδείς γέ μʼ ἂν πείσειεν ἀνθρώπων τὸ μὴ οὐκ
ἐλθεῖν ἐπʼ ἐκεῖνον.
60–69

But I’ll try to show you by analogy.

Have you ever had a craving for some stew?

HERCULES

For stew? In my life maybe ten thousand times.

DIONYSUS

Is that explanation clear enough to you? Or shall I try some other way?

HERCULES

Not about stew! That I understand completely.

DIONYSUS

Well then,

that’s how much I’m eaten up with my desire for Euripides.

HERCULES

Even when he’s dead?

DIONYSUS

So no one’s going to talk me out of it— I have to find him.

HERCULES

Right down in Hell?

DIONYSUS

Or even lower, by god, if there’s such a place.

πότερον εἰς Ἅιδου κάτω;
70 καὶ νὴ Δίʼ εἴ τί γʼ ἔστιν ἔτι κατωτέρω.
Ἡρακλῆς
τί βουλόμενος;
δέομαι ποιητοῦ δεξιοῦ.
Διόνυσος
οἱ μὲν γὰρ οὐκέτʼ εἰσίν, οἱ δʼ ὄντες κακοί.
Ἡρακλῆς
τί δʼ; οὐκ Ἰοφῶν ζῇ;
τοῦτο γάρ τοι καὶ μόνον
Διόνυσος
ἔτʼ ἐστὶ λοιπὸν ἀγαθόν, εἰ καὶ τοῦτʼ ἄρα·
75 οὐ γὰρ σάφʼ οἶδʼ οὐδʼ αὐτὸ τοῦθʼ ὅπως ἔχει.
Ἡρακλῆς
εἶτʼ οὐχὶ Σοφοκλέα πρότερον Εὐριπίδου
μέλλεις ἀναγαγεῖν, εἴπερ ἐκεῖθεν δεῖ σʼ ἄγειν;
Διόνυσος
οὐ πρίν γʼ ἂν Ἰοφῶντʼ, ἀπολαβὼν αὐτὸν μόνον,
ἄνευ Σοφοκλέους τι ποιεῖ κωδωνίσω.
70–79
HERCULES

What’s the point of that?

DIONYSUS

I need a clever poet. There’s none around. The ones we’ve got are all so wretched.

HERCULES

What? Isn’t Iophon still up there?

DIONYSUS

He’s the only good one left—if he’s any good. I’m not really sure if that’s the case.

HERCULES

If you’ve got to take a playwright back, why not Sophocles? He’s better than Euripides.

DIONYSUS

Not ’til I get Iophon all by himself, without his father, Sophocles, so I can test the metal of his poetry. Besides, Euripides is such a rascal he may try to flee Hades

80 κἄλλως μέν γʼ Εὐριπίδης πανοῦργος ὢν
κἂν ξυναποδρᾶναι δεῦρʼ ἐπιχειρήσειέ μοι·
δʼ εὔκολος μὲν ἐνθάδʼ εὔκολος δʼ ἐκεῖ.
Ἡρακλῆς
Ἀγάθων δὲ ποῦ ʼστιν;
ἀπολιπών μʼ ἀποίχεται,
Διόνυσος
ἀγαθὸς ποιητὴς καὶ ποθεινὸς τοῖς φίλοις.
Ἡρακλῆς
85 ποῖ γῆς τλήμων;
85 ἐς Μακάρων εὐωχίαν.
δὲ Σενοκλέης;
ἐξόλοιτο νὴ Δία.
Πυθάγγελος δέ;
περὶ ἐμοῦ δʼ οὐδεὶς λόγος
Ξανθίας
ἐπιτριβομένου τὸν ὦμον οὑτωσὶ σφόδρα.
Ἡρακλῆς
οὔκουν ἕτερʼ ἔστʼ ἐνταῦθα μειρακύλλια
80–89

and come with me. But Sophocles was nice— easygoing while on earth and down there, too.

HERCULES

What about Agathon? Where’s he?

DIONYSUS

He’s left us— a fine poet lamented by his friends.

HERCULES

Where’s he gone?

DIONYSUS

Off to feast with saints.

HERCULES

And Xenocles?

DIONYSUS

O by god, may he drop dead!

HERCULES

Well then, Pythangelos?

XANTHIAS

What about me? In pain all this time—my shoulder's sore as hell.

HERCULES

Surely you have other artsy-fartsy types— thousands of tragic poets—all of them

90 τραγῳδίας ποιοῦντα πλεῖν μύρια,
Εὐριπίδου πλεῖν σταδίῳ λαλίστερα.
Διόνυσος
ἐπιφυλλίδες ταῦτʼ ἐστὶ καὶ στωμύλματα,
χελιδόνων μουσεῖα, λωβηταὶ τέχνης,
φροῦδα θᾶττον, ἢν μόνον χορὸν λάβῃ,
95 ἅπαξ προσουρήσαντα τῇ τραγῳδίᾳ.
γόνιμον δὲ ποιητὴν ἂν οὐχ εὕροις ἔτι
ζητῶν ἄν, ὅστις ῥῆμα γενναῖον λάκοι.
Ἡρακλῆς
πῶς γόνιμον;
ὡδὶ γόνιμον, ὅστις φθέγξεται
Διόνυσος
τοιουτονί τι παρακεκινδυνευμένον,
90–99

way more wordy than Euripides?

DIONYSUS

No, no— all chatterboxes, twittering swallows in a music hall, mere foliage—disgraces to the artist’s craft.

Once they get a chance to stage their plays,

to crap all over tragedy, they disappear. If you looked you’d never find one playwright, someone creative who could well declaim a worthy sentiment.

HERCULES

That word “creative”— what’s it mean?

DIONYSUS

Someone poetical enough to give utterance to something grand, something like

[Dionysus strikes a tragic pose.]

“the sky, Zeus’s pied-a-terre,” “the foot of time,” or this—“a mind that will not swear

100 αἰθέρα Διὸς δωμάτιον, χρόνου πόδα,
φρένα μὲν οὐκ ἐθέλουσαν ὀμόσαι καθʼ ἱερῶν,
γλῶτταν δʼ ἐπιορκήσασαν ἰδίᾳ τῆς φρενός.
Ἡρακλῆς
σὲ δὲ ταῦτʼ ἀρέσκει;
μἀλλὰ πλεῖν μαίνομαι.
μὴν κόβαλά γʼ ἐστίν, ὡς καὶ σοὶ δοκεῖ.
Διόνυσος
105 μὴ τὸν ἐμὸν οἴκει νοῦν· ἔχεις γὰρ οἰκίαν.
Ἡρακλῆς
καὶ μὴν ἀτεχνῶς γε παμπόνηρα φαίνεται.
Διόνυσος
δειπνεῖν με δίδασκε.
περὶ ἐμοῦ δʼ οὐδεὶς λόγος.
ἀλλʼ ὧνπερ ἕνεκα τήνδε τὴν σκευὴν ἔχων
ἦλθον κατὰ σὴν μίμησιν, ἵνα μοι τοὺς ξένους
100–109

on sacred offerings but a perjured tongue

that’s false with no sense of its perfidy.”

HERCULES

You like that stuff?

DIONYSUS

Like it? I’m crazy about it.

HERCULES

I swear it’s all bullshit—and you know it.

DIONYSUS

Now, now, don’t try to tell me what to think, not with tragedy. You’re no expert there.

HERCULES

I still say it sounds like total rubbish.

DIONYSUS

Why not teach me how to stuff my guts?

XANTHIAS

WHAT ABOUT ME??!!!!!

DIONYSUS

That’s the reason I’ve come here and dressed like you—so you can fill me in, in case I need to know, about this place—

who welcomed you down here, who'd you meet

110 τοὺς σοὺς φράσειας, εἰ δεοίμην, οἷσι σὺ
ἐχρῶ τόθʼ, ἡνίκʼ ἐπὶ τὸν Κέρβερον,
τούτους φράσον μοι, λιμένας ἀρτοπώλια
πορνεῖʼ ἀναπαύλας ἐκτροπὰς κρήνας ὁδοὺς
πόλεις διαίτας πανδοκευτρίας, ὅπου
115 κόρεις ὀλίγιστοι.
115 περὶ ἐμοῦ δʼ οὐδεὶς λόγος.
Ἡρακλῆς
σχέτλιε τολμήσεις γὰρ ἰέναι καὶ σύ γε;
Διόνυσος
μηδὲν ἔτι πρὸς ταῦτʼ, ἀλλὰ φράζε τῶν ὁδῶν
ὅπῃ τάχιστʼ ἀφιξόμεθʼ εἰς Ἅιδου κάτω·
καὶ μήτε θερμὴν μήτʼ ἄγαν ψυχρὰν φράσῃς.
110–119

that time you went down after Cerberus. Tell me about the harbours, resting places, bakeries and brothels, water fountains, the cities, highways, all the detours, the local customs and the fine hotels, the ones with fewest bugs.

XANTHIAS

Still no word of me.

HERCULES

O you valiant heart! Are you man enough to venture down below?

DIONYSUS

Forget my courage. Show me the highway, the shortest one there is,

that takes me directly down to Hades.

Don’t prattle on about the temperature— and say it's way too hot or cold for me.

HERCULES

Let’s see . . . what should I mention first of all?

Ἡρακλῆς
120 φέρε δὴ τίνʼ αὐτῶν σοι φράσω πρώτην; τίνα;
μία μὲν γὰρ ἔστιν ἀπὸ κάλω καὶ θρανίου,
κρεμάσαντι σαυτόν.
παῦε, πνιγηρὰν λέγεις.
ἀλλʼ ἔστιν ἀτραπὸς ξύντομος τετριμμένη
διὰ θυείας.
ἆρα κώνειον λέγεις;
125 μάλιστά γε.
125 ψυχράν γε καὶ δυσχείμερον·
Διόνυσος
εὐθὺς γὰρ ἀποπήγνυσι τἀντικνήμια.
Ἡρακλῆς
βούλει κατάντη καὶ ταχεῖαν σοι φράσω;
Διόνυσος
νὴ τὸν Δίʼ ὡς ὄντος γε μὴ βαδιστικοῦ.
Ἡρακλῆς
καθέρπυσόν νυν ἐς Κεραμεικόν.
120–129

Which one? Hmmm. You could try a stool and rope— you could just hang yourself.

DIONYSUS

Stop it right there. That way gives me a choking feeling.

HERCULES

There’s a straight short cut, well traveled, too— with pestle and mortar . . .

DIONYSUS

You mean hemlock.

HERCULES

That’s it!

DIONYSUS

Too cold—too much like winter. Right away

the shins get frozen solid.

HERCULES

All right, then.

You want me to tell you how to get there fast.

DIONYSUS

Yes, by god. I’m not one to take a hike.

HERCULES

How about a stroll to Kerameikos . . .

DIONYSUS

Okay, what then?

HERCULES

Climb up the tower there— right to the very top . . .

DIONYSUS

And then what?

κᾆτα τί;
130 ἀναβὰς ἐπὶ τὸν πύργον τὸν ὑψηλόν
130–139
HERCULES

Take a look at the torch race starting up— when the spectators all yell out “They’re off!” then off you go as well.

DIONYSUS

Off? Where to?

HERCULES

Down.

DIONYSUS

No, I can’t take that road. I’d pulverize

both rissole wrappers of my brain.

HERCULES

What’s left?

DIONYSUS

The road you used.

HERCULES

O, an enormous journey! At the very start you come to a vast lake— immense and bottomless.

DIONYSUS

How do I get across?

HERCULES

In a tiny boat—miniscule—like this [indicating the size]. An ancient sailor takes you for a fee— two obols.

130 τί δρῶ;
ἀφιεμένην τὴν λαμπάδʼ ἐντεῦθεν θεῶ,
κἄπειτʼ ἐπειδὰν φῶσιν οἱ θεώμενοι
εἷναι, τόθʼ εἷναι καὶ σὺ σαυτόν.
ποῖ
κάτω.
Διόνυσος
ἀλλʼ ἀπολέσαιμʼ ἂν ἐγκεφάλου θρίω δύο.
135 οὐκ ἂν βαδίσαιμι τὴν ὁδὸν ταύτην.
135 τί δαί;
ἥνπερ σὺ τότε κατῆλθες.
ἀλλʼ πλοῦς πολύς.
Ἡρακλῆς
εὐθὺς γὰρ ἐπὶ λίμνην μεγάλην ἥξεις πάνυ
ἄβυσσον.
εἶτα πῶς περαιωθήσομαι;
ἐν πλοιαρίῳ τυννουτῳί σʼ ἀνὴρ γέρων
130–139
HERCULES

Take a look at the torch race starting up— when the spectators all yell out “They’re off!” then off you go as well.

DIONYSUS

Off? Where to?

HERCULES

Down.

DIONYSUS

No, I can’t take that road. I’d pulverize

both rissole wrappers of my brain.

HERCULES

What’s left?

DIONYSUS

The road you used.

HERCULES

O, an enormous journey! At the very start you come to a vast lake— immense and bottomless.

DIONYSUS

How do I get across?

HERCULES

In a tiny boat—miniscule—like this [indicating the size]. An ancient sailor takes you for a fee— two obols.

140 ναύτης διάξει δύʼ ὀβολὼ μισθὸν λαβών.
Διόνυσος
φεῦ,
ὡς μέγα δύνασθον πανταχοῦ τὼ δύʼ ὀβολώ.
πῶς ἠλθέτην κἀκεῖσε;
Θησεὺς ἤγαγεν.
Ἡρακλῆς
μετὰ ταῦτʼ ὄφεις καὶ θηρίʼ ὄψει μυρία
δεινότατα.
μή μʼ ἔκπληττε μηδὲ δειμάτου·
Διόνυσος
145 οὐ γάρ μʼ ἀποτρέψεις.
145 εἶτα βόρβορον πολὺν
Ἡρακλῆς
καὶ σκῶρ ἀείνων· ἐν δὲ τούτῳ κειμένους,
εἴ που ξένον τις ἠδίκησε πώποτε,
παῖδα κινῶν τἀργύριον ὑφείλετο,
μητέρʼ ἠλόασεν, πατρὸς γνάθον
140–149
DIONYSUS

Two obols? It’s amazing what two obols can buy anywhere. How come it’s here in Hades, too?

HERCULES

That was Theseus. He started it. Once past the lake you’ll find snakes.

You’ll see thousands of them, horrific monsters.

DIONYSUS

Don’t keep trying to scare me. That won’t work. There’s no way you’ll get me to turn back.

HERCULES

Then a huge sewer, always full of liquid turds— and lying in it anyone who harmed a guest or screwed a lad and then took back the cash, or smacked his mother, punched his father’s jaw, or swore false oaths, or else had copied out

150 ἐπάταξεν, ʼπίορκον ὅρκον ὤμοσεν,
Μορσίμου τις ῥῆσιν ἐξεγράψατο.
Διόνυσος
νὴ τοὺς θεοὺς ἐχρῆν γε πρὸς τούτοισι κεἰ
τὴν πυρρίχην τις ἔμαθε τὴν Κινησίου.
Ἡρακλῆς
ἐντεῦθεν αὐλῶν τίς σε περίεισιν πνοή,
155 ὄψει τε φῶς κάλλιστον ὥσπερ ἐνθάδε,
καὶ μυρρινῶνας καὶ θιάσους εὐδαίμονας
ἀνδρῶν γυναικῶν καὶ κρότον χειρῶν πολύν.
Διόνυσος
οὗτοι δὲ δὴ τίνες εἰσίν;
οἱ μεμυημένοι
Ξανθίας
νὴ τὸν Δίʼ ἐγὼ γοῦν ὄνος ἄγω μυστήρια.
150–159

a speech of Morsimus.

DIONYSUS

By god, with them in the

shit should lie whoever learned a war dance by Cinesias.

HERCULES

Next the breath of flutes will sound around you.

You’ll see the finest light, just like in Athens, and myrtle groves, with happy men and women gathered there to celebrate and clap their hands.

DIONYSUS

So who are they?

HERCULES

Those are the initiates, the ones who celebrate the mysteries.

XANTHIAS

Then, by god, in these mysteries I play the ass. I’ll not stand for this a moment longer.

160 ἀτὰρ οὐ καθέξω ταῦτα τὸν πλείω χρόνον.
Ἡρακλῆς
οἵ σοι φράσουσʼ ἁπαξάπανθʼ ὧν ἂν δέῃ.
οὗτοι γὰρ ἐγγύτατα παρʼ αὐτὴν τὴν ὁδὸν
ἐπὶ ταῖσι τοῦ Πλούτωνος οἰκοῦσιν θύραις.
καὶ χαῖρε πόλλʼ ὦδελφέ.
νὴ Δία καὶ σύ γε
Διόνυσος
165 ὑγίαινε. σὺ δὲ τὰ στρώματʼ αὖθις λάμβανε.
Ξανθίας
πρὶν καὶ καταθέσθαι;
καὶ ταχέως μέντοι πάνυ.
μὴ δῆθʼ, ἱκετεύω σʼ, ἀλλὰ μίσθωσαί τινα
τῶν ἐκφερομένων, ὅστις ἐπὶ τοῦτʼ ἔρχεται.
Διόνυσος
ἐὰν δὲ μὴ εὕρω;
160–169
[Xanthias dismounts and starts to unload the baggage he has been carrying.]
HERCULES

Those ones will tell you all you need to know. These initiates live closest to the road

which takes you to the doors of Pluto’s place.

And so, my brother, I bid you fond farewell.

DIONYSUS

Good bye—god keep you healthy, too.

[Hercules exits back through the door. Dionysus turns to Xanthias, who has just about finished putting down all the luggage he has been carrying.]

You there—take up the baggage once again!

XANTHIAS

Before I’ve put it down?

DIONYSUS

Yes, and hurry up.

[Enter a solemn funeral cortege parrying a dead man towards Hades.]
XANTHIAS

Come on, I’m begging you. Hire one of them— someone carrying the corpse. That’s why they’re here.

DIONYSUS

And if I don’t find anyone?

XANTHIAS

I’ll do it.

DIONYSUS

Fair enough. All right, they’re bringing out a corpse

τότε μʼ ἄγειν.
καλῶς λέγεις.
170 καὶ γάρ τινʼ ἐκφέρουσι τουτονὶ νεκρόν,
οὗτος, σὲ λέγω μέντοι, σὲ τὸν τεθνηκότα·
ἄνθρωπε βούλει σκευάριʼ εἰς Ἅιδου φέρειν;
Νέκρος
πόσʼ ἄττα;
ταυτί.
δύο δραχμὰς μισθὸν τελεῖς;
Διόνυσος
μὰ Δίʼ ἀλλʼ ἔλαττον.
ὑπάγεθʼ ὑμεῖς τῆς ὁδοῦ.
175 ἀνάμεινον δαιμόνιʼ, ἐὰν ξυμβῶ τί σοι.
Νέκρος
εἰ μὴ καταθήσεις δύο δραχμάς, μὴ διαλέγου.
Διόνυσος
λάβʼ ἐννέʼ ὀβολούς.
ἀναβιοίην νυν πάλιν.
Ξανθίας
ὡς σεμνὸς κατάρατος· οὐκ οἰμώξεται;
ἐγὼ βαδιοῦμαι.
170–179

You there . . . you stiff . . . I’m talking to you . . . Hallo!

[The corpse suddenly sits up straight.]

You want to take a little luggage down to hell?

CORPSE

How much?

DIONYSUS

This stuff here.

CORPSE

Will you pay two drachmas?

DIONYSUS

My god, no. Less than that.

CORPSE

Then go away.

DIONYSUS

Hang on, my dear fellow. Can’t we haggle?

CORPSE

If you don’t pay two drachmas, forget it.

DIONYSUS

How about nine obols?

CORPSE

No bloody way! I’d rather you shoved me back to life again.

[Corpse lies down and the funeral procession moves away.]
DIONYSUS

What a pompous boor!

XANTHIAS

To hell with him— I’ll take the stuff myself.

[Xanthias starts loading himself with the baggage once again.]
DIONYSUS

That’s my good man— a loyal and worthy slave. Let’s get that boat . . . .

[Enter Charon rowing his small boat across the stage.]
CHARON

Ahoy there! Coming alongside.

χρηστὸς εἶ καὶ γεννάδας.
Διόνυσος
180 χωρῶμεν ἐπὶ τὸ πλοῖον.
180–189
XANTHIAS

What’s this?

DIONYSUS

This?

By god, it’s the lake Hercules talked about. And I see the boat . . .

XANTHIAS

You’re right. Thanks to Poseidon. This must be Charon.

DIONYSUS

Ahoy there, Charon . . . Greetings, Charon . . . Charon, halloooo!

CHARON

Who’s seeks a rest from work and trouble? Who’s heading for Fields of Forgetfulness, Never-never land, the Cerberians, the Ravens and Tartarus?

DIONYSUS

That’s me.

CHARON

Then jump aboard.

DIONYSUS

Where do you put in? The Ravens? Is that a stop?

CHARON

Yes, by god—

a special stop just for you. Get in.

DIONYSUS [to Xanthias]

All right, my lad, hop in.

CHARON

I won’t take the slave—

180 ὠὸπ παραβαλοῦ.
Ξανθίας
τουτὶ τί ἔστι;
τοῦτο; λίμνη νὴ Δία
Διόνυσος
αὕτη ʼστὶν ἣν ἔφραζε, καὶ πλοῖόν γʼ ὁρῶ.
Ξανθίας
νὴ τὸν Ποσειδῶ κἄστι γʼ Χάρων οὑτοσί.
Διόνυσος
χαῖρʼ Χάρων, χαῖρʼ Χάρων, χαῖρʼ Χάρων.
Χάρων
185 τίς εἰς ἀναπαύλας ἐκ κακῶν καὶ πραγμάτων;
τίς ἐς τὸ Λήθης πεδίον, σʼ Ὄνου πόκας,
σʼ Κερβερίους, σʼ κόρακας, ʼπὶ Ταίναρον;
Διόνυσος
ἐγώ.
ταχέως ἔμβαινε.
ποῖ σχήσειν δοκεῖς;
ἐς κόρακας ὄντως;
180–189
XANTHIAS

What’s this?

DIONYSUS

This?

By god, it’s the lake Hercules talked about. And I see the boat . . .

XANTHIAS

You’re right. Thanks to Poseidon. This must be Charon.

DIONYSUS

Ahoy there, Charon . . . Greetings, Charon . . . Charon, halloooo!

CHARON

Who’s seeks a rest from work and trouble? Who’s heading for Fields of Forgetfulness, Never-never land, the Cerberians, the Ravens and Tartarus?

DIONYSUS

That’s me.

CHARON

Then jump aboard.

DIONYSUS

Where do you put in? The Ravens? Is that a stop?

CHARON

Yes, by god—

a special stop just for you. Get in.

DIONYSUS [to Xanthias]

All right, my lad, hop in.

CHARON

I won’t take the slave—

ναὶ μὰ Δία σοῦ γʼ οὕνεκα.
Χάρων
190 ἔσβαινε δή.
190–199

not unless he fought at sea to save his skin.

XANTHIAS

Not me, by god, no way. My eyes were bad.

CHARON

Then you must make a detour round the lake.

XANTHIAS

Where do I wait for you?

CHARON

At Wuthering Rock— right by the rest stop.

DIONYSUS

You got that?

XANTHIAS

I got that.

[picking up the bags]

Why am I so unlucky? When we began I must've really pissed somebody off.

CHARON [to Dionysus]

Sit down there—at that oar.

[Dionysus sits on one of the oars.]

Anyone else?

Hurry up—all aboard! What are you doing?

DIONYSUS

What am I doing? I’m sitting on this oar. That’s what you ordered me to do.

CHARON

Come on, fatso—park your butt right here.

DIONYSUS [moving off the oar]

There!

190 παῖ δεῦρο.
190–199

not unless he fought at sea to save his skin.

XANTHIAS

Not me, by god, no way. My eyes were bad.

CHARON

Then you must make a detour round the lake.

XANTHIAS

Where do I wait for you?

CHARON

At Wuthering Rock— right by the rest stop.

DIONYSUS

You got that?

XANTHIAS

I got that.

[picking up the bags]

Why am I so unlucky? When we began I must've really pissed somebody off.

CHARON [to Dionysus]

Sit down there—at that oar.

[Dionysus sits on one of the oars.]

Anyone else?

Hurry up—all aboard! What are you doing?

DIONYSUS

What am I doing? I’m sitting on this oar. That’s what you ordered me to do.

CHARON

Come on, fatso—park your butt right here.

DIONYSUS [moving off the oar]

There!

190 δοῦλον οὐκ ἄγω,
εἰ μὴ νεναυμάχηκε τὴν περὶ τῶν κρεῶν.
Ξανθίας
μὰ τὸν Δίʼ οὐ γὰρ ἀλλʼ ἔτυχον ὀφθαλμιῶν.
Χάρων
οὔκουν περιθρέξει δῆτα τὴν λίμνην κύκλῳ;
Ξανθίας
ποῦ δῆτʼ ἀναμενῶ;
παρὰ τὸν Αὑαίνου λίθον
Χάρων
195 ἐπὶ ταῖς ἀναπαύλαις.
195 μανθάνεις;
195 πάνυ μανθάνω.
Ξανθίας
οἴμοι κακοδαίμων, τῷ ξυνέτυχον ἐξιών;
Χάρων
κάθιζʼ ἐπὶ κώπην. εἴ τις ἔτι πλεῖ, σπευδέτω.
οὗτος τί ποιεῖς;
τι ποιῶ; τί δʼ ἄλλο γʼ
Διόνυσος
ἵζω ʼπὶ κώπην, οὗπερ ἐκέλευές με σύ;
190–199

not unless he fought at sea to save his skin.

XANTHIAS

Not me, by god, no way. My eyes were bad.

CHARON

Then you must make a detour round the lake.

XANTHIAS

Where do I wait for you?

CHARON

At Wuthering Rock— right by the rest stop.

DIONYSUS

You got that?

XANTHIAS

I got that.

[picking up the bags]

Why am I so unlucky? When we began I must've really pissed somebody off.

CHARON [to Dionysus]

Sit down there—at that oar.

[Dionysus sits on one of the oars.]

Anyone else?

Hurry up—all aboard! What are you doing?

DIONYSUS

What am I doing? I’m sitting on this oar. That’s what you ordered me to do.

CHARON

Come on, fatso—park your butt right here.

DIONYSUS [moving off the oar]

There!

Χάρων
200 οὔκουν καθεδεῖ δῆτʼ ἐνθαδὶ γάστρων;
200–209
CHARON

Can you pick up the oar? Stretch your arms.

DIONYSUS

Like this?

CHARON

Don’t be such a fool. Set your foot there. Now pull the oar with all your force.

DIONYSUS

How can I? I’ve had no practice. I’m no sailor. And besides, I’m not from Salamis.

How am I supposed to row a boat?

CHARON

It’s not hard. You’ll hear lovely melodies once you make the effort.

DIONYSUS

Songs? Whose songs?

CHARON

The amazing music of the swan frogs.

DIONYSUS

All right, then. Get the tempo going.

CHARON

Yo ho, heave ho. Yo ho heave ho.

[As the small boat begins to move, the Chorus of Frogs is heard from off stage.]
CHORUS OF FROGS

Brekekekex koax koax Brekekekex koax koax.

200 ἰδού.
οὔκουν προβαλεῖ τὼ χεῖρε κἀκτενεῖς;
ἰδού.
οὐ μὴ φλυαρήσεις ἔχων ἀλλʼ ἀντιβὰς
ἐλᾷς προθύμως;
κᾆτα πῶς δυνήσομαι
Διόνυσος
ἄπειρος ἀθαλάττωτος ἀσαλαμίνιος
205 ὢν εἶτʼ ἐλαύνειν;
205 ῥᾷστʼ· ἀκούσει γὰρ μέλη
Χάρων
κάλλιστʼ, ἐπειδὰν ἐμβάλῃς ἅπαξ,
τίνων;
βατράχων κύκνων θαυμαστά.
κατακέλευε δή.
ὀπὸπ ὀπόπ.
Βάτραχοι
βρεκεκεκὲξ κοὰξ κοάξ,
200–209
CHARON

Can you pick up the oar? Stretch your arms.

DIONYSUS

Like this?

CHARON

Don’t be such a fool. Set your foot there. Now pull the oar with all your force.

DIONYSUS

How can I? I’ve had no practice. I’m no sailor. And besides, I’m not from Salamis.

How am I supposed to row a boat?

CHARON

It’s not hard. You’ll hear lovely melodies once you make the effort.

DIONYSUS

Songs? Whose songs?

CHARON

The amazing music of the swan frogs.

DIONYSUS

All right, then. Get the tempo going.

CHARON

Yo ho, heave ho. Yo ho heave ho.

[As the small boat begins to move, the Chorus of Frogs is heard from off stage.]
CHORUS OF FROGS

Brekekekex koax koax Brekekekex koax koax.

210 βρεκεκεκὲξ κοὰξ κοάξ.
λιμναῖα κρηνῶν τέκνα,
ξύναυλον ὕμνων βοὰν
φθεγξώμεθʼ, εὔγηρυν ἐμὰν ἀοιδάν,
κοὰξ κοάξ,
215 ἣν ἀμφὶ Νυσήιον
Διὸς Διόνυσον ἐν
Λίμναισιν ἰαχήσαμεν,
ἡνίχʼ κραιπαλόκωμος
τοῖς ἱεροῖσι Χύτροισι
210–219

Children of the marsh and lake harmonious song now sweetly make,

our own enchanting melodies

koax koax. The songs we sang for Nysa’s lord, for Dionysus, son of Zeus, in Limnai at the Feast of Jars as people in their drunken glee thronged into our sanctuary. Brekekekex koax koax.

220 χωρεῖ κατʼ ἐμὸν τέμενος λαῶν ὄχλος.
βρεκεκεκὲξ κοὰξ κοάξ.
Διόνυσος
ἐγὼ δέ γʼ ἀλγεῖν ἄρχομαι
τὸν ὄρρον κοὰξ κοάξ·
ὑμῖν δʼ ἴσως οὐδὲν μέλει.
Βάτραχοι
225 βρεκεκεκὲξ κοὰξ κοάξ.
Διόνυσος
ἀλλʼ ἐξόλοισθʼ αὐτῷ κοάξ·
οὐδὲν γάρ ἐστʼ ἀλλʼ κοάξ.
Βάτραχοι
εἰκότως γʼ πολλὰ πράττων.
ἐμὲ γὰρ ἔστερξαν εὔλυροί τε Μοῦσαι
220–229
DIOYSUS [still rowing]

I’m starting to get a pain in the ass from all your koax koax.

CHORUS OF FROGS

Brekekekex koax koax.

DIONYSUS

Not that you give a damn about it.

CHORUS OF FROGS

Brekekekex koax koax.

DIONYSUS

Piss off—and take that koax koax with you. Nothing but koax koax.

CHORUS OF FROGS

Yes, and for us that’s fine you meddling fool—so asinine. Music-loving Muses love us too as does goat-footed Pan

230 καὶ κεροβάτας Πὰν καλαμόφθογγα παίζων·
προσεπιτέρπεται δʼ φορμικτὰς Ἀπόλλων,
ἕνεκα δόνακος, ὃν ὑπολύριον
ἔνυδρον ἐν λίμναις τρέφω.
235 βρεκεκεκὲξ κοάξ κοάξ.
Διόνυσος
ἐγὼ δὲ φλυκταίνας γʼ ἔχω,
χὠ πρωκτὸς ἰδίει πάλαι,
κᾆτʼ αὐτίκʼ ἐκκύψας ἐρεῖ
Βάτραχοι
βρεκεκεκὲξ κοὰξ κοάξ.
230–239

playing music on melodious pipes.

Apollo as he strums his lyre

loves us and what we sing, for in the marshy waters here we grow the reeds that bridge his string. Brekekekex koax koax.

DIONYSUS [still rowing]

Well, I’m getting blisters and a sweaty bum. Next time I bend down it’s going to speak . . .

[As Dionysus leans forward for the next stroke he lifts his rear end up in the air to fart at the Frog Chorus, but their next line drowns out the sound.]
CHORUS OF FROGS

Brekekekex koax koax.

DIONYSUS

Stop it, you music-loving tribe!

Διόνυσος
240 ἀλλʼ φιλῳδὸν γένος
παύσασθε.
μᾶλλον μὲν οὖν
Βάτραχοι
φθεγξόμεσθʼ, εἰ δή ποτʼ εὐηλίοις
ἐν ἁμέραισιν
ἡλάμεσθα διὰ κυπείρου
καὶ φλέω, χαίροντες ᾠδῆς
245 πολυκολύμβοισι μέλεσιν,
Διὸς φεύγοντες ὄμβρον
ἔνυδρον ἐν βυθῷ χορείαν
αἰόλαν ἐφθεγξάμεσθα
πομφολυγοπαφλάσμασιν.
240–249
CHORUS OF FROGS

No, no. We’ll sing on all the more—

if we’ve ever hopped on shore

on sunny days through weeds and rushes rejoicing in our lovely songs as we dive and dive once more, or as from Zeus’s rain we flee to sing our varied harmonies at the bottom of the marsh, our bubble-splashing melodies.

DIONYSUS

Brekekekex koax koax—

Διόνυσος
βρεκεκεκὲξ κοὰξ κοάξ.
τουτὶ παρʼ ὑμῶν λαμβάνω.
Βάτραχοι
δεινά τἄρα πεισόμεσθα.
Διόνυσος
δεινότερα δʼ ἔγωγʼ, ἐλαύνων
255 εἰ διαρραγήσομαι.
Βάτραχοι
βρεκεκεκὲξ κοὰξ κοάξ.
Διόνυσος
οἰμώζετʼ· οὐ γάρ μοι μέλει.
Βάτραχοι
ἀλλὰ μὴν κεκραξόμεσθά γʼ
ὁπόσον φάρυξ ἂν ἡμῶν
251–259

from you I’m catching your disease!

CHORUS OF FROGS

If that’s the case, you’ll never please.

That’s hard on us.

DIONYSUS

But worse for me— I may blow up here as I row.

CHORUS OF FROGS

Brekekekex koax koax

DIONYSUS

Go on. Keep croaking. I don’t care.

CHORUS OF FROGS

We’ll croak on ’til our throats wear out. We’ll croak all day.

260 χανδάνῃ διʼ ἡμέρας.
Διόνυσος
βρεκεκεκὲξ κοὰξ κοάξ.
τούτῳ γὰρ οὐ νικήσετε.
Βάτραχοι
οὐδὲ μὴν ἡμᾶς σὺ πάντως.
Διόνυσος
οὐδὲ μὴν ὑμεῖς γʼ ἐμὲ
οὐδέποτε· κεκράξομαι γὰρ
265 κἂν δέῃ διʼ ἡμέρας
265 βρεκεκεκὲξ κοὰξ κοάξ,
ἕως ἂν ὑμῶν ἐπικρατήσω τῷ κοάξ,
βρεκεκεκὲξ κοὰξ κοάξ.
ἔμελλον ἄρα παύσειν ποθʼ ὑμᾶς τοῦ κοάξ.
Χάρων
παῦε παῦε, παραβαλοῦ τὼ κωπίω,
260–269
DIONYSUS

Brekekekex koax koax You never beat me in this play!

CHORUS OF FROGS

And you’ve no chance to win your way,

not matched with us.

DIONYSUS

And you’ve no hope outdoing me.

No, no. If I must I’ll yell all day, koaxing you to get my way— Brekekekex koax koax

[Dionysus listens for a response from the Chorus, but there is none.]

You see. Sooner or later I was going to win— and make you stop your harsh koaxing din.

CHARON

Stop it. Ship that oar alongside here. Get out . . . and pay your fare.

DIONYSUS

Two obols? Here.

270 ἔκβαινʼ, ἀπόδος τὸν ναῦλον.
270–279
[Dionysus pays Charon, who rows his way off stage. Dionysus starts looking around for Xanthias.]

Xanthias! Hey, Xanthias!

XANTHIAS [offstage]

Over here!

DIONYSUS [still calling]

Come here!

[Xanthias appears with the baggage but without the donkey.]
XANTHIAS

Greetings, master.

DIONYSUS

All right, what have we got?

XANTHIAS

Nothing but filthy muck—mud and darkness.

DIONYSUS

Did you see the men who beat their fathers— or perjurers—the ones he mentioned?

XANTHIAS

You mean you don’t?

DIONYSUS [looking at the audience]

By Poseidon, yes I do! Now I see them. So what do we do next?

XANTHIAS

We’d better get away from here. Hercules mentioned to us it's the place where wild beast prowl.

DIONYSUS

To Hell with him! He was talking big to make me scared.

270 ἔχε δὴ τὠβολώ.
Διόνυσος
Ξανθίας. ποῦ Ξανθίας; Ξανθία.
Ξανθίας
ἰαῦ.
βάδιζε δεῦρο.
χαῖρʼ δέσποτα.
Διόνυσος
τί ἔστι τἀνταυθοῖ;
σκότος καὶ βόρβορος.
κατεῖδες οὖν που τοὺς πατραλοίας αὐτόθι
275 καὶ τοὺς ἐπιόρκους, οὓς ἔλεγεν ἡμῖν;
275 σὺ δʼ οὔ;
νὴ τὸν Ποσειδῶ ʼγωγε, καὶ νυνί γʼ ὁρῶ.
ἄγε δὴ τί δρῶμεν;
προϊέναι βέλτιστα νῷν,
Ξανθίας
ὡς οὗτος τόπος ἐστὶν οὗ τὰ θηρία
τὰ δείνʼ ἔφασκʼ ἐκεῖνος.
270–279
[Dionysus pays Charon, who rows his way off stage. Dionysus starts looking around for Xanthias.]

Xanthias! Hey, Xanthias!

XANTHIAS [offstage]

Over here!

DIONYSUS [still calling]

Come here!

[Xanthias appears with the baggage but without the donkey.]
XANTHIAS

Greetings, master.

DIONYSUS

All right, what have we got?

XANTHIAS

Nothing but filthy muck—mud and darkness.

DIONYSUS

Did you see the men who beat their fathers— or perjurers—the ones he mentioned?

XANTHIAS

You mean you don’t?

DIONYSUS [looking at the audience]

By Poseidon, yes I do! Now I see them. So what do we do next?

XANTHIAS

We’d better get away from here. Hercules mentioned to us it's the place where wild beast prowl.

DIONYSUS

To Hell with him! He was talking big to make me scared.

ὡς οἰμώξεται.
Διόνυσος
280 ἠλαζονεύεθʼ ἵνα φοβηθείην ἐγώ,
εἰδώς με μάχιμον ὄντα φιλοτιμούμενος.
οὐδὲν γὰρ οὕτω γαῦρόν ἐσθʼ ὡς Ἡρακλῆς.
ἐγὼ δέ γʼ εὐξαίμην ἂν ἐντυχεῖν τινι
λαβεῖν τʼ ἀγώνισμʼ ἄξιόν τι τῆς ὁδοῦ.
Ξανθίας
285 νὴ τὸν Δία καὶ μὴν αἰσθάνομαι ψόφου τινός.
Διόνυσος
ποῦ ποῦ ʼστιν;
ἐξόπισθεν.
ἐξόπισθʼ ἴθι.
Ξανθίας
ἀλλʼ ἐστὶν ἐν τῷ πρόσθε.
πρόσθε νυν ἴθι.
καὶ μὴν ὁρῶ νὴ τὸν Δία θηρίον μέγα.
Διόνυσος
ποῖόν τι;
280–289

He saw I was a fighter, and he’s jealous. No one’s more full of it than Hercules.

But I’m keen now for some adventure, some exploit worthy of this expedition.

XANTHIAS

Of course you are. What’s that? I hear a noise.

DIONYSUS

What? Where is it?

XANTHIAS

Behind us.

DIONYSUS [pushing Xanthias]

Get behind me.

XANTHIAS

No, it’s up ahead.

DIONYSUS [pushing Xanthias again]

You get in front.

XANTHIAS

My god! Now I see it. Ooooh, a monstrous beast!

DIONYSUS [cowering behind Xanthias]

What’s it like?

XANTHIAS

It's weird—all sorts of shapes.

Now it’s an ox—no, no, a jackass— now it’s a woman—what a gorgeous babe!

δεινόν· παντοδαπὸν γοῦν γίγνεται
Ξανθίας
290 τοτὲ μέν γε βοῦς, νυνὶ δʼ ὀρεύς, τοτὲ δʼ αὖ γυνὴ
ὡραιοτάτη τις.
ποῦ ʼστι; φέρʼ ἐπʼ αὐτὴν ἴω.
ἀλλʼ οὐκέτʼ αὖ γυνή ʼστιν, ἀλλʼ ἤδη κύων.
Διόνυσος
Ἔμπουσα τοίνυν ἐστί.
πυρὶ γοῦν λάμπεται
Ξανθίας
ἅπαν τὸ πρόσωπον.
καὶ σκέλος χαλκοῦν ἔχει;
295 νὴ τὸν Ποσειδῶ, καὶ βολίτινον θάτερον,
σάφʼ ἴσθι.
ποῖ δῆτʼ ἂν τραποίμην;
ποῖ δʼ ἐγώ;
Διόνυσος
ἱερεῦ διαφύλαξόν μʼ, ἵνʼ σοι ξυμπότης.
Ξανθίας
ἀπολούμεθʼ ὦναξ Ἡράκλεις.
οὐ μὴ καλεῖς μʼ
Διόνυσος
ὦνθρωφʼ, ἱκετεύω, μηδὲ κατερεῖς τοὔνομα.
290–299
DIONYSUS

Where is she? I’ll go say hello.

XANTHIAS

Hold on a minute!

She’s not a woman any more. Now she’s a bitch!

DIONYSUS [terrified]

It’s Empusa!!

XANTHIAS

Her whole face is on fire!

DIONYSUS

Her legs—does she have one made of bronze?

XANTHIAS

Yes! By Poseidon, yes! The other’s made of cow shit. And that’s no lie.

DIONYSUS

Where can I run?

XANTHIAS [imitating Dionysus]

Where can I run?

DIONYSUS [appealing the audience]

O holy man, save me—so we can drink together.

XANTHIAS

We’re screwed! O lord Hercules!

DIONYSUS

Don’t call me that! I’m begging you, my man—don’t say that name!

XANTHIAS

Then Dionysus . . .

DIONYSUS

That’s worse than Hercules.

Ξανθίας
300 Διόνυσε τοίνυν.
300–309
XANTHIAS [to the imaginary monster]

Beat it! Shoo! Come on, master.

DIONYSUS

What’s going on?

XANTHIAS

Cheer up—we’ve come through everything just fine. Now like Hegelochus we can recite “After the storm I see the seals are calm.” Empousa’s gone .

DIONYSUS

You swear?

XANTHIAS

Cross my heart.

DIONYSUS

Swear again.

XANTHIAS

Yes, by Zeus.

DIONYSUS

Swear it one more time.

XANTHIAS

By Zeus, I swear.

DIONYSUS

That was a close shave— looking at her almost made me puke.

XANTHIAS

You were so terrified you stained your pants.

DIONYSUS [in a tragic tone]

Woe, woe, why do such ills afflict me so? Which god shall I accuse of thus destroying me?

300 τοῦτό γʼ ἧττον θατέρου.
Διόνυσος
ἴθʼ ᾗπερ ἔρχει.
δεῦρο δεῦρʼ δέσποτα.
τί δʼ ἔστι;
θάρρει· πάντʼ ἀγαθὰ πεπράγαμεν,
Ξανθίας
ἔξεστί θʼ ὥσπερ Ἡγέλοχος ἡμῖν λέγειν,
ἐκ κυμάτων γὰρ αὖθις αὖ γαλῆν ὁρῶ.
305 ἥμπουσα φρούδη.
305 κατόμοσον.
305 νὴ τὸν Δία.
Διόνυσος
καὖθις κατόμοσον.
νὴ Δίʼ.
ὄμοσον.
νὴ Δία.
οἴμοι τάλας, ὡς ὠχρίασʼ αὐτὴν ἰδών.
Ξανθίας
ὁδὶ δὲ δείσας ὑπερεπυρρίασέ σου.
Διόνυσος
οἴμοι, πόθεν μοι τὰ κακὰ ταυτὶ προσέπεσεν;
300–309
XANTHIAS [to the imaginary monster]

Beat it! Shoo! Come on, master.

DIONYSUS

What’s going on?

XANTHIAS

Cheer up—we’ve come through everything just fine. Now like Hegelochus we can recite “After the storm I see the seals are calm.” Empousa’s gone .

DIONYSUS

You swear?

XANTHIAS

Cross my heart.

DIONYSUS

Swear again.

XANTHIAS

Yes, by Zeus.

DIONYSUS

Swear it one more time.

XANTHIAS

By Zeus, I swear.

DIONYSUS

That was a close shave— looking at her almost made me puke.

XANTHIAS

You were so terrified you stained your pants.

DIONYSUS [in a tragic tone]

Woe, woe, why do such ills afflict me so? Which god shall I accuse of thus destroying me?

310 τίνʼ αἰτιάσομαι θεῶν μ' ἀπολλύναι;
Ξανθίας
αἰθέρα Διὸς δωμάτιον χρόνου πόδα;
Διόνυσος
οὗτος.
τί ἔστιν;
οὐ κατήκουσας;
τίνος;
αὐλῶν πνοῆς.
ἔγωγε, καὶ δᾴδων γέ με
Ξανθίας
αὔρα τις εἰσέπνευσε μυστικωτάτη.
Διόνυσος
315 ἀλλʼ ἠρεμὶ πτήξαντες ἀκροασώμεθα.
310–319
XANTHIAS

How ’bout Zeus’s airy pied-a-terre or the foot of time?

[The sound of music being played on the pipes comes from inside the house.]
XANTHIAS

Listen!

DIONYSUS

What is it?

XANTHIAS

You don’t hear that?

DIONYSUS

What?

XANTHIAS

A tune played on the flute.

DIONYSUS [continuing his tragic rant]

Ah yes, and now the scent of torches just came wafting o’er me, torches of mystery . . .

XANTHIAS [interrupting]

Shhhh. Let’s squat down here— keep quiet and pay attention.

[The Chorus of Initiates is heard offstage.]
CHORUS OF INITIATES

Iacchus, O Iacchus, Iacchus, O Iacchus.

XANTHUS

Master, this is it—the initiates doing their chant, the ones he talked about—

Diagoras’s hymn to Iacchus.

Translation by Ian Johnston, Vancouver Island University
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An open-access project
Hall 1907
OCT
Hall & Geldart, OCT, 1907 · 1907
The Editor

Frederick William Hall (1865–1948) was a classical scholar and Fellow of St John's College, Oxford. Together with William Martin Geldart, he produced the Oxford Classical Text of several authors. Hall was a careful editor known for his thorough collation of manuscripts and his conservative approach to textual criticism.

About This Edition

The Hall–Geldart editions in the Oxford Classical Texts series provide reliable critical texts with selective apparatus criticus. The OCT series, established in 1894 as the Scriptorum Classicorum Bibliotheca Oxoniensis, aims to present the best available Greek and Latin texts in a format suitable for both scholarly use and teaching. Each volume provides a clean text with the most significant manuscript variants recorded at the foot of each page.

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