Fourth Episode
Γυνὴ Α
λέξουσι γάρ.
Ἀνὴρ Α
730 χώρει σὺ δεῦρο κιναχύρα καλὴ καλῶς
τῶν χρημάτων θύραζε πρώτη τῶν ἐμῶν,
ὅπως ἂν ἐντετριμμένη κανηφορῇς,
πολλοὺς κάτω δὴ θυλάκους στρέψασʼ ἐμούς.
ποῦʼ σθʼ διφροφόρος; χύτρα δεῦρʼ ἔξιθι,
735 νὴ Δία μέλαινά γʼ, οὐδʼ ἂν εἰ τὸ φάρμακον
ἕψουσʼ ἔτυχες Λυσικράτης μελαίνεται.
ἵστω παρʼ αὐτήν, δεῦρʼ ἴθʼ, κομμώτρια.
730–737

There will be no more playing at dice?

PRAXAGORA: What object will there be in playing?

BLEPYRUS: But what kind of life is it you propose to set up?

PRAXAGORA: The life in common. Athens will become nothing more than a single house, in which everything will belong to everyone; so that everybody will be able to go from one house to the other at pleasure.

BLEPYRUS: And where will the meals be served?

φέρε δεῦρο ταύτην τὴν ὑδρίαν ὑδριαφόρε
ἐνταῦθα. σὺ δὲ δεῦρʼ κιθαρῳδὸς ἔξιθι,
740 πολλάκις ἀναστήσασά μʼ εἰς ἐκκλησίαν
ἀωρὶ νυκτῶν διὰ τὸν ὄρθριον νόμον.
τὴν σκάφην λαβὼν προΐτω· τὰ κηρία
κόμιζε, τοὺς θαλλοὺς καθίστη πλησίον,
καὶ τὼ τρίποδʼ ἐξένεγκε καὶ τὴν λήκυθον.
745 τὰ χυτρίδιʼ ἤδη καὶ τὸν ὄχλον ἀφίετε.
Ἀνὴρ Β
ἐγὼ καταθήσω τἀμά; κακοδαίμων ἄρα
738–746

The law-courts and the porticoes will be turned into dining-halls.

BLEPYRUS: And what will the speaker's platform be used for?

PRAXAGORA: I shall place the bowls and the ewers there; and young children will sing the glory of the brave from there, also the infamy of cowards, who out of very shame will no longer dare to come to the public meals.

BLEPYRUS: Well thought of, by Apollo! And what will you do with the urns?

ἀνὴρ ἔσομαι καὶ νοῦν ὀλίγον κεκτημένος.
μὰ τὸν Ποσειδῶ γʼ οὐδέποτʼ, ἀλλὰ βασανιῶ
πρώτιστον αὐτὰ πολλάκις καὶ σκέψομαι.
750 οὐ γὰρ τὸν ἐμὸν ἱδρῶτα καὶ φειδωλίαν
οὐδὲν πρὸς ἔπος οὕτως ἀνοήτως ἐκβαλῶ,
πρὶν ἂν ἐκπύθωμαι πᾶν τὸ πρᾶγμʼ ὅπως ἔχει.
οὗτος τί τὰ σκευάρια ταυτὶ βούλεται;
πότερον μετοικιζόμενος ἐξενήνοχας
747–754

I shall have them taken to the market-place, and standing close to the statue of Harmodius, I shall draw a lot for each citizen, which by its letter will show the place where he must go to dine. Thus, those for whom I have drawn a Beta, will go to the royal portico; if 'tis a Theta, they will go to the portico of Theseus; if 'tis a Kappa, to that of the flour-market.

BLEPYRUS: To cram himself there like a capon?

755 αὔτʼ φέρεις ἐνέχυρα θήσων;
755–774

No, to dine there.

BLEPYRUS: And the citizen whom the lot has not given a letter showing where he is to dine will be driven off by everyone?

PRAXAGORA: But that will not occur. Each man will have plenty; he will not leave the feast until he is well drunk, and then with a chaplet on his head and a torch in his hand; and then the women running to meet you in the cross-roads will say, "This way, come to our house, you will find a beautiful young girl there."--"And I," another will call from her balcony, "have one so pretty and as white as milk; but before touching her, you must sleep with me." And the ugly men, watching closely after the handsome fellows, will say, "Hi! friend, where are you running to? Go in, but you must do nothing, for 'tis the ugly and the flat-nosed to whom the law gives the first right of admission; amuse yourself in the porch while you wait, in handling your fig-leaves and playing with your tool." Well, tell me, does that picture suit you?

755 οὐδαμῶς.
τί δῆτʼ ἐπὶ στοίχου ʼστὶν οὕτως; οὔτι μὴ
Ἱέρωνι τῷ κήρυκι πομπὴν πέμπετε;
Ἀνὴρ Α
μὰ Δίʼ ἀλλʼ ἀποφέρειν αὐτὰ μέλλω τῇ πόλει
ἐς τὴν ἀγορὰν κατὰ τοὺς δεδογμένους νόμους.
Ἀνὴρ Β
760 μέλλεις ἀποφέρειν;
760 πάνυ γε.
760 κακοδαίμων ἄρʼ εἶ
νὴ τὸν Δία τὸν σωτῆρα.
πῶς;
πῶς; ῥᾳδίως.
Ἀνὴρ Α
τί δʼ; οὐχὶ πειθαρχεῖν με τοῖς νόμοισι δεῖ;
Ἀνὴρ Β
ποίοισιν δύστηνε;
τοῖς δεδογμένοις.
δεδογμένοισιν; ὡς ἀνόητος ἦσθʼ ἄρα.
Ἀνὴρ Α
765 ἀνόητος;
765 οὐ γάρ; ἠλιθιώτατος μὲν οὖν
Ἀνὴρ Β
ἁπαξαπάντων.
ὅτι τὸ ταττόμενον ποιῶ;
τὸ ταττόμενον γὰρ δεῖ ποιεῖν τὸν σώφρονα;
Ἀνὴρ Α
μάλιστα πάντων.
τὸν μὲν οὖν ἀβέλτερον.
σὺ δʼ οὐ καταθεῖναι διανοεῖ;
φυλάξομαι,
Ἀνὴρ Β
770 πρὶν ἄν γʼ ἴδω τὸ πλῆθος τι βουλεύεται.
Ἀνὴρ Α
τί γὰρ ἄλλο γʼ φέρειν παρεσκευασμένοι
τὰ χρήματʼ εἰσίν;
ἀλλʼ ἰδὼν ἐπειθόμην.
λέγουσι γοῦν ἐν ταῖς ὁδοῖς.
καί φασιν οἴσειν ἀράμενοι.
755–774

No, to dine there.

BLEPYRUS: And the citizen whom the lot has not given a letter showing where he is to dine will be driven off by everyone?

PRAXAGORA: But that will not occur. Each man will have plenty; he will not leave the feast until he is well drunk, and then with a chaplet on his head and a torch in his hand; and then the women running to meet you in the cross-roads will say, "This way, come to our house, you will find a beautiful young girl there."--"And I," another will call from her balcony, "have one so pretty and as white as milk; but before touching her, you must sleep with me." And the ugly men, watching closely after the handsome fellows, will say, "Hi! friend, where are you running to? Go in, but you must do nothing, for 'tis the ugly and the flat-nosed to whom the law gives the first right of admission; amuse yourself in the porch while you wait, in handling your fig-leaves and playing with your tool." Well, tell me, does that picture suit you?

φήσουσι γάρ.
775 ἀπολεῖς ἀπιστῶν πάντʼ.
775–783

Marvellously well.

PRAXAGORA: I must now go to the market-place to receive the property that is going to be placed in common and to choose a woman with a loud voice as my herald. I have all the cares of State on my shoulders, since the power has been entrusted to me. I must likewise go to busy myself about establishing the common meals, and you will attend your first banquet to-day.

BLEPYRUS: Are we going to banquet?

775 ἀπιστήσουσι γάρ.
Ζεύς σέ γʼ ἐπιτρίψειεν.
ἐπιτρίψουσι γάρ.
Ἀνὴρ Β
οἴσειν δοκεῖς τινʼ ὅστις αὐτῶν νοῦν ἔχει;
οὐ γὰρ πάτριον τοῦτʼ ἐστίν, ἀλλὰ λαμβάνειν
ἡμᾶς μόνον δεῖ νὴ Δία· καὶ γὰρ οἱ θεοί·
780 γνώσει δʼ ἀπὸ τῶν χειρῶν γε τῶν ἀγαλμάτων·
ὅταν γὰρ εὐχώμεσθα διδόναι τἀγαθά,
ἕστηκεν ἐκτείνοντα τὴν χεῖρʼ ὑπτίαν
οὐχ ὥς τι δώσοντʼ ἀλλʼ ὅπως τι λήψεται.
775–783

Marvellously well.

PRAXAGORA: I must now go to the market-place to receive the property that is going to be placed in common and to choose a woman with a loud voice as my herald. I have all the cares of State on my shoulders, since the power has been entrusted to me. I must likewise go to busy myself about establishing the common meals, and you will attend your first banquet to-day.

BLEPYRUS: Are we going to banquet?

Ἀνὴρ Α
δαιμόνιʼ ἀνδρῶν ἔα με τῶν προὔργου τι δρᾶν.
785 ταυτὶ γάρ ἐστι συνδετέα. ποῦ μοὔσθʼ ἱμάς;
Ἀνὴρ Β
ὄντως γὰρ οἴσεις;
ναὶ μὰ Δία, καὶ δὴ μὲν οὖν
Ἀνὴρ Α
τωδὶ ξυνάπτω τὼ τρίποδε.
τῆς μωρίας,
Ἀνὴρ Β
τὸ μηδὲ περιμείναντα τοὺς ἄλλους τι
δράσουσιν εἶτα τηνικαῦτʼ ἤδη
τί δρᾶν;
790 ἐπαναμένειν, ἔπειτα διατρίβειν ἔτι.
Ἀνὴρ Α
ἵνα δὴ τί;
σεισμὸς εἰ γένοιτο πολλάκις
Ἀνὴρ Β
πῦρ ἀπότροπον, διᾴξειεν γαλῆ,
παύσαιντʼ ἂν ἐσφέροντες ὦμβρόντητε σύ.
Ἀνὴρ Α
χαρίεντα γοῦν πάθοιμʼ ἄν, εἰ μὴ ʼχοιμʼ ὅποι
784–794

Why, undoubtedly! Furthermore, I propose abolishing the courtesans.

BLEPYRUS: And what for?

PRAXAGORA: 'Tis clear enough why; so that, instead of them, _we_ may have the first-fruits of the young men. It is not meet that tricked-out slaves should rob free-born women of their pleasures. Let the courtesans be free to sleep with the slaves and to depilate their privates for them.

BLEPYRUS: I will march at your side, so that I may be seen and that everyone may say, "Admire our leader's husband!" [_Exeunt Blepyrus and Praxagora._ [_The Chorus which followed this scene is lost._]

795 ταῦτα καταθείμην.
795–814

Come, let us collect and examine all my belongings before taking them to the market-place. Come hither, my beautiful sieve, I have nothing more precious than you, come, all clotted with the flour of which I have poured so many sacks through you; you shall act the part of Canephoros in the procession of my chattels. Where is the sunshade carrier? Ah! this stew-pot shall take his place. Great gods, how black it is! it could not be more so if Lysicrates had boiled the drugs in it with which he dyes his hair. Hither, my beautiful mirror. And you, my tripod, bear this urn for me; you shall be the waterbearer; and you, cock, whose morning song has so often roused me in the middle of the night to send me hurrying to the Assembly, you shall be my flute-girl. Scaphephoros, do you take the large basin, place in it the honeycombs and twine the olive-branches over them, bring the tripods and the phial of perfume; as for the humble crowd of little pots, I will just leave them behind.

795 μὴ γὰρ οὐ λάβῃς ὅποι·
Ἀνὴρ Β
θάρρει, καταθήσεις, κἂν ἔνης ἔλθῃς.
τιή;
ἐγᾦδα τούτους χειροτονοῦντας μὲν ταχύ,
ἅττʼ ἂν δὲ δόξῃ ταῦτα πάλιν ἀρνουμένους.
Ἀνὴρ Α
οἴσουσιν τᾶν.
ἢν δὲ μὴ κομίσωσι, τί;
800 ἀμέλει κομιοῦσιν.
800 ἢν δὲ μὴ κομίσωσι, τί;
μαχούμεθʼ αὐτοῖς.
ἢν δὲ κρείττους ὦσι, τί;
ἄπειμʼ ἐάσας.
ἢν δὲ πωλῶσʼ αὐτά, τί;
διαρραγείης.
ἢν διαρραγῶ δέ, τί;
καλῶς ποιήσεις.
σὺ δʼ ἐπιθυμήσεις φέρειν;
805 ἔγωγε· καὶ γὰρ τοὺς ἐμαυτοῦ γείτονας
ὁρῶ φέροντας.
πάνυ γʼ ἂν οὖν Ἀντισθένης
Ἀνὴρ Β
αὔτʼ εἰσενέγκοι· πολὺ γὰρ ἐμμελέστερον
πρότερον χέσαι πλεῖν τριάκονθʼ ἡμέρας.
Ἀνὴρ Α
οἴμωζε.
Καλλίμαχος δʼ χοροδιδάσκαλος
Ἀνὴρ Β
810 αὐτοῖσιν εἰσοίσει τι;
810 πλείω Καλλίου.
ἅνθρωπος οὗτος ἀποβαλεῖ τὴν οὐσίαν.
Ἀνὴρ Α
δεινά γε λέγεις.
τί δεινόν; ὥσπερ οὐχ ὁρῶν
Ἀνὴρ Β
ἀεὶ τοιαῦτα γιγνόμενα ψηφίσματα.
οὐκ οἶσθʼ ἐκεῖνʼ οὕδοξε τὸ περὶ τῶν ἁλῶν;
795–814

Come, let us collect and examine all my belongings before taking them to the market-place. Come hither, my beautiful sieve, I have nothing more precious than you, come, all clotted with the flour of which I have poured so many sacks through you; you shall act the part of Canephoros in the procession of my chattels. Where is the sunshade carrier? Ah! this stew-pot shall take his place. Great gods, how black it is! it could not be more so if Lysicrates had boiled the drugs in it with which he dyes his hair. Hither, my beautiful mirror. And you, my tripod, bear this urn for me; you shall be the waterbearer; and you, cock, whose morning song has so often roused me in the middle of the night to send me hurrying to the Assembly, you shall be my flute-girl. Scaphephoros, do you take the large basin, place in it the honeycombs and twine the olive-branches over them, bring the tripods and the phial of perfume; as for the humble crowd of little pots, I will just leave them behind.

Ἀνὴρ Α
815 ἔγωγε.
815–823

What folly to carry one's goods to the common store; I have a little more sense than that. No, no, by Posidon, I want first to ponder and calculate over the thing at leisure. I shall not be fool enough to strip myself of the fruits of my toil and thrift, if it is not for a very good reason; let us see first, which way things turn. Hi! friend, what means this display of goods? Are you moving or are you going to pawn your stuff?

815 τοὺς χαλκοῦς δʼ ἐκείνους ἡνίκα
Ἀνὴρ Β
ἐψηφισάμεθʼ, οὐκ οἶσθα;
καὶ κακόν γέ μοι
Ἀνὴρ Α
τὸ κόμμʼ ἐγένετʼ ἐκεῖνο. πωλῶν γὰρ βότρυς
μεστὴν ἀπῆρα τὴν γνάθον χαλκῶν ἔχων
κἄπειτʼ ἐχώρουν εἰς ἀγορὰν ἐπʼ ἄλφιτα.
820 ἔπειθʼ ὑπέχοντος ἄρτι μου τὸν θύλακον,
ἀνέκραγʼ κῆρυξ μὴ δέχεσθαι μηδένα
χαλκοῦν τὸ λοιπόν· ἀργύρῳ γὰρ χρώμεθα.
Ἀνὴρ Β
τὸ δʼ ἔναγχος οὐχ ἅπαντες ἡμεῖς ὤμνυμεν
815–823

What folly to carry one's goods to the common store; I have a little more sense than that. No, no, by Posidon, I want first to ponder and calculate over the thing at leisure. I shall not be fool enough to strip myself of the fruits of my toil and thrift, if it is not for a very good reason; let us see first, which way things turn. Hi! friend, what means this display of goods? Are you moving or are you going to pawn your stuff?

τάλαντʼ ἔσεσθαι πεντακόσια τῇ πόλει
825 τῆς τετταρακοστῆς, ἣν ἐπόρισʼ Εὐριπίδης;
κεὐθὺς κατεχρύσου πᾶς ἀνὴρ Εὐριπίδην·
ὅτε δὴ δʼ ἀνασκοπουμένοις ἐφαίνετο
Διὸς Κόρινθος καὶ τὸ πρᾶγμʼ οὐκ ἤρκεσεν,
πάλιν κατεπίττου πᾶς ἀνὴρ Εὐριπίδην.
Ἀνὴρ Α
830 οὐ ταὐτὸν τᾶν. τότε μὲν ἡμεῖς ἤρχομεν,
νῦν δʼ αἱ γυναῖκες.
824–831

Neither.

SECOND CITIZEN: Why then are you setting all these things out in line? Is it a procession that you are starting off to the public crier, Hiero?

FIRST CITIZEN: No, but in accordance with the new law, that has been decreed, I am going to carry all these things to the marketplace to make a gift of them to the State.

SECOND CITIZEN: Oh! bah! you don't mean that.

FIRST CITIZEN: Certainly.

ἃς ἐγὼ φυλάξομαι
Ἀνὴρ Β
νὴ τὸν Ποσειδῶ μὴ κατουρήσωσί μου.
Ἀνὴρ Α
οὐκ οἶδʼ τι ληρεῖς. φέρε σὺ τἀνάφορον παῖς.
Κηρύκαινα
πάντες ἀστοί, νῦν γὰρ οὕτω ταῦτʼ ἔχει,
835 χωρεῖτʼ ἐπείγεσθʼ εὐθὺ τῆς στρατηγίδος,
ὅπως ἂν ὑμῖν τύχη κληρουμένοις
φράσῃ καθʼ ἕκαστον ἄνδρʼ ὅποι δειπνήσετε·
ὡς αἱ τράπεζαί γʼ εἰσὶν ἐπινενησμέναι
ἀγαθῶν ἁπάντων καὶ παρεσκευασμέναι,
840 κλῖναί τε σισυρῶν καὶ δαπίδωννενασμέναι†,
832–840

Oh! Zeus the Deliverer! you unfortunate man!

SECOND CITIZEN: Why? 'Tis as clear as noonday.

FIRST CITIZEN: Must the laws not be obeyed then?

SECOND CITIZEN: What laws, you poor fellow?

FIRST CITIZEN: Those that have been decreed.

SECOND CITIZEN: Decreed! Are you mad, I ask you?

FIRST CITIZEN: Am I mad?

SECOND CITIZEN: Oh! this is the height of folly!

FIRST CITIZEN: Because I obey the law? Is that not the first duty of an honest man?

κρατῆρα συγκιρνᾶσιν, αἱ μυροπώλιδες
ἑστᾶσʼ ἐφεξῆς, τὰ τεμάχη ῥιπίζεται,
λαγῷʼ ἀναπηγνύασι, πόπανα πέττεται,
στέφανοι πλέκονται, φρύγεται τραγήματα,
845 χύτρας ἔτνους ἕψουσιν αἱ νεώταται.
Σμοῖος δʼ ἐν αὐταῖς ἱππικὴν στολὴν ἔχων
τὰ τῶν γυναικῶν διακαθαίρει τρύβλια.
Γέρων δὲ χωρεῖ χλανίδα καὶ κονίποδε
841–848

Say rather of a ninny.

FIRST CITIZEN: Don't you propose taking what belongs to you to the common stock?

SECOND CITIZEN: I'll take good care I don't until I see what the majority are doing.

FIRST CITIZEN: There's but one opinion, namely, to contribute every single thing one has.

SECOND CITIZEN: I am waiting to see it, before I believe that.

FIRST CITIZEN: At least, so they say in every street.

ἔχων, καχάζων μεθʼ ἑτέρου νεανίου·
850 ἐμβὰς δὲ κεῖται καὶ τρίβων ἐρριμμένος.
πρὸς ταῦτα χωρεῖθʼ, ὡς τὴν μᾶζαν φέρων
ἕστηκεν· ἀλλὰ τὰς γνάθους διοίγνυτε.
Ἀνὴρ Β
οὐκοῦν βαδιοῦμαι δῆτα. τί γὰρ ἕστηκʼ ἔχων
ἐνταῦθʼ, ἐπειδὴ ταῦτα τῇ πόλει δοκεῖ;
Ἀνὴρ Α
855 καὶ ποῖ βαδιεῖ σὺ μὴ καταθεὶς τὴν οὐσίαν;
Ἀνὴρ Β
ἐπὶ δεῖπνον.
οὐ δῆτʼ, ἤν γʼ ἐκείναις νοῦς ἐνῇ,
Ἀνὴρ Α
πρίν γʼ ἂν ἀπενέγκῃς.
ἀλλʼ ἀποίσω.
πηνίκα;
Ἀνὴρ Β
οὐ τοὐμὸν τᾶν ἐμποδὼν ἔσται.
τί δή;
ἑτέρους ἀποίσειν φήμʼ ἔθʼ ὑστέρους ἐμοῦ.
Ἀνὴρ Α
860 βαδιεῖ δὲ δειπνήσων ὅμως;
860 τί γὰρ πάθω;
Ἀνὴρ Β
τὰ δυνατὰ γὰρ δεῖ τῇ πόλει ξυλλαμβάνειν
849–861

And they will go on saying so.

FIRST CITIZEN: Everyone talks of contributing all he has.

SECOND CITIZEN: And will go on talking of it.

FIRST CITIZEN: You weary me with your doubts and dubitations.

SECOND CITIZEN: Everybody else will doubt it.

FIRST CITIZEN: The pest seize you!

SECOND CITIZEN: It _will_ take you. What? give up your goods! Is there a man of sense who will do such a thing? Giving is not one of our customs. Receiving is another matter; 'tis the way of the gods themselves. Look at the position of their hands on their statues; when we ask a favour, they present their hands turned palm up so as not to give, but to receive.

τοὺς εὖ φρονοῦντας.
862–869

Wretch, let me do what is right. Come, I'll make a bundle of all these things. Where is my strap?

SECOND CITIZEN: Are you really going to carry them in?

FIRST CITIZEN: Undoubtedly, and there are my three tripods strung together already.

SECOND CITIZEN: What folly! Not to wait to see what the others do, and then ...

FIRST CITIZEN: Well, and then what?

SECOND CITIZEN: wait and put it off again.

ἢν δὲ κωλύσωσι, τί;
ὁμόσʼ εἶμι κύψας.
ἢν δὲ μαστιγῶσι, τί;
καλούμεθʼ αὐτάς.
ἢν δὲ καταγελῶσι, τί;
865 ἐπὶ ταῖς θύραις ἑστώς
865 τί δράσεις; εἰπέ μοι.
τῶν ἐσφερόντων ἁρπάσομαι τὰ σιτία.
Ἀνὴρ Α
βάδιζε τοίνυν ὕστερος· σὺ δʼ Σίκων
καὶ Παρμένων αἴρεσθε τὴν παμπησίαν.
Ἀνὴρ Β
φέρε νυν ἐγώ σοι ξυμφέρω.
862–869

Wretch, let me do what is right. Come, I'll make a bundle of all these things. Where is my strap?

SECOND CITIZEN: Are you really going to carry them in?

FIRST CITIZEN: Undoubtedly, and there are my three tripods strung together already.

SECOND CITIZEN: What folly! Not to wait to see what the others do, and then ...

FIRST CITIZEN: Well, and then what?

SECOND CITIZEN: wait and put it off again.

μὴ μηδαμῶς.
Ἀνὴρ Α
870 δέδοικα γὰρ μὴ καὶ παρὰ τῇ στρατηγίδι,
ὅταν κατατιθῶ, προσποιῇ τῶν χρημάτων.
Ἀνὴρ Β
νὴ τὸν Δία δεῖ γοῦν μηχανήματός τινος,
ὅπως τὰ μὲν ὄντα χρήμαθʼ ἕξω, τοισδεδὶ
τῶν ματτομένων κοινῇ μεθέξω πως ἐγώ.
875 ὀρθῶς ἔμοιγε φαίνεται· βαδιστέον
ὁμόσʼ ἐστὶ δειπνήσοντα κοὐ μελλητέον.
870–878

What for?

SECOND CITIZEN: That an earthquake may come or an ill-omened flash of lightning, that a weasel may run across the street and that none carry in anything more, you fool!

FIRST CITIZEN: 'Twould be a fine matter, were I to find no room left for placing all this.

SECOND CITIZEN: You are much more likely to lose your stuff. As for placing it, you can be at ease, for there will be room enough as long as a month hence.

The Athenian Society, "The Eleven Comedies" (1912)
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Hall 1907
OCT
Hall & Geldart, OCT, 1907 · 1907
The Editor

Frederick William Hall (1865–1948) was a classical scholar and Fellow of St John's College, Oxford. Together with William Martin Geldart, he produced the Oxford Classical Text of several authors. Hall was a careful editor known for his thorough collation of manuscripts and his conservative approach to textual criticism.

About This Edition

The Hall–Geldart editions in the Oxford Classical Texts series provide reliable critical texts with selective apparatus criticus. The OCT series, established in 1894 as the Scriptorum Classicorum Bibliotheca Oxoniensis, aims to present the best available Greek and Latin texts in a format suitable for both scholarly use and teaching. Each volume provides a clean text with the most significant manuscript variants recorded at the foot of each page.

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