καθύπερθε

A. from above, down from above, δεινὸν δὲ λόφος κ. ἔνευεν Il. 3.337, cf. 22.196, Od. 12.442, etc.; κ. μελαθρόφιν 8.279; ἐκ μὲν τοῦ πεδίου . . , κ. δέ . . Th. 5.59, cf.IG 12.398: c. gen., πυρός Nic. Th. 691.

2. atop, above, opp. ὑπένερθε, Od. 10.353; κ. ἐπιρρέει floats atop, Il. 2.754; κ. τῶν ὅπλων τοῦ τόνου Hdt. 7.36; of geographical position, Λέσβος ἄνω . . , καὶ Φρυγίη καθύπερθε Il. 24.545: c. gen., καθύπερθε Χίοιο above, i.e. north of, Chios, Od. 3.170: in Prose, Κέρκιος κατύπερθε SIG 1.3 (Abu Simbel, vi B. C.); ἡ Χώρη ἡ κ. Hdt. 4.8; ἡ κ. ὁδός Id. 1.104, etc.; τὰ κ. the upper country, i.e. farther inland, τὰ κ. τῆς λίμνης Id. 2.5; τὰ κ. τῆς θηριώδεος ib.32; τοῖσι κ. Ἀσσυρίων οἰκημένοισι Id. 1.194.

3. above, having the upper hand of, κ. γενέσθαι τινός, prop., of a wrestler who falls atop of his opponent, ib.67, 8.60.γ/; κ. Χερὶ πλούτῳ τε τῶν ἐχθρῶν S. El.l.c. (lyr.); also, of affairs, ἐλογίζετο . . κ. οἱ τὰ πρήγματα ἔσεσθαι τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν Hdt. 8.136; κακοὶ δ’ ἀγαθῶν καθύπερθεν Thgn. 679; μόχθου κ. superior to misery, unconquered by it, Pi. P. 9.31; also κ. ἤ . . Hdt. 8.75.

II. of Time, before, c. gen., Id. 5.28.