δοῦλος

A. born bondman or slave, opp. one made a slave, τὰ ἀνδράποδα πάντα καὶ δοῦλα καὶ ἐλεύθερα Th. 8.28, cf. E. IA 330: then, generally, bondman, slave, opp. δεσπότης (q. v.): not in Hom., who twice has fem. δούλη, ἡ, bondwoman, Il. 3.409, Od. 4.12, cf. A. Ag. 1326, X. Cyr. 5.1.4, Pl. R. 395e, etc.: freq. of Persians and other nations subject to a despot, Hdt., etc.; οὔ τινος δοῦλοι κέκληνται, of the Greeks, A. Pers. 242: metaph., χρημάτων δ. slaves to money, E. Hec. 865; so γνάθου δ. Id. Fr. 282.5; τῶν αἰεὶ ἀτόπων Th. 3.38; λιχνειῶν, λαγνειῶν, X. Oec. 1.22, cf. Mem. 1.3.11.

II. Adj. (not in A.), δοῦλος,η, ον, slavish, servile, subject, δ. πόλις S. OC 917, X. Mem. 4.2.29; γνώμαισι δούλαις S. Tr. 53; δ. ἔχειν βίον ib.302; σῶμα δ., opp. νοῦς ἐλεύθερος, Id. Fr. 940; τοὺς τρόπους δούλους παρασχεῖν E. Supp. 877; δ. θάνατος, ζυγόν, πούς, Id. Or. 1170, Tr. 678,507; δ. καὶ τυραννουμένη πόλις Pl. R. 577d; δ. ἡδοναί, = δουλοπρεπεῖς, ib.587c, etc.: Comp. δουλότερος more enslaved, Αἴγυπτον δ. ποιεῖν Hdt. 7.7.

2. τὸ δ., = οἱ δοῦλοι, E. Ion 983, etc.; also, slavery, a slavish life, ib.556 (troch.).

3. ancillary, δ. ἐπιστῆμαι Arist. Metaph. 996b11.