συγγενής

A. congenital, inborn, ἦθος Pi. O. 13.13; εὐδοξία Id. N. 3.40; ς. εἶδος,= φύσις, character, Hp. Hum. 1; νόσημα ς. ἐστί τινι Id. Prorrh. 2.2; φόβος A. Eu. 691; παύροις . . ἐστι συγγενὲς τόδε natural to them, Id. Ag. 832; ἡ τύχη προσγίγνεθ’ ἡμῖν ς. τῷ σώματι Philem. 10; πότμος ς. Pi. N. 5.40; προϊδεῖν ς. οἷς ἕπεται who have the natural gift to foresee, ib.1.28; συγγενεῖς μῆνες my connate months, the months of my natural life, S. OT 1082; ς. τρίχες the hair born with one, i.e. the hair of the head as opp. to the beard, Arist. HA 518a18, 584a24; σημεῖα ς. birth-marks, ib.585b31; δυνάμεις αἱ ς., opp. αἱ ἔθει and αἱ μαθήσει, Id. Metaph. 1047b31; αὔξει τὸ ς. increases its natural force, Id. EN 1119b9. Adv., ‐νῶς δύστηνος miserable from his birth, E. HF 1293; v. σύμφυτος.

II. of the same kin, descent, or family, akin to, τινι Hdt. 1.109, 3.2, E. Heracl. 229: abs., akin, cognate, θεός A. Pr. 14; γυνή E. Andr. 887; χείρ S. OC 1387; συγγενέστατον φύσει πάντων most nearly akin, Is. 11.17; ς. γάμος ἀνεψιῶν A. Pr. 855; of animals, Arist. HA 539a23, GA 747a31, al.: hence,

b. Subst., kinsman, relative, οὖσα ς. ἐκείνου Ar. Pax 618 (troch.); τῆς ἐμῆς γυναικὸς ξυγγενεῖ (dual) Id. Av. 368 (troch.); πρὸς ς. τε καὶ οἰκείους αὐτῶν Pl. R. 378c; ἔργον εὑρεῖν συγγενῆ πένητός ἐστιν Men. 4; γάμει τὴν συγγενῆ Id. 929: freq. in pl., οἱ ς. kinsfolk, kinsmen, Pi. P. 4.133, Hdt. 2.91, etc.; not properly applied to children (ἔκγονοι) in relation to their parents, and so opp. ἔκγονοι in Is. 8.30, v. συγγένεια 1 (but cf. And. 1.17); τοῖς συγγενέσι τὰ τοῦ συγγενοῦς ψηφίζεσθαι Is. 4.23.

c. τὸ ς.,= συγγένεια, kindred, relationship, A. Pr. 291 (anap.), S. El. 1469, Th. 3.82, etc.; also, the spirit of one's race, Pi. P. 10.12, N. 6.8; εἰ τούτῳ προσήκει Λαΐῳ τι ς. if he had any connexion with him, S. OT 814; of tribes, κατὰ τὸ ξ. Th. 1.95.

2. metaph., akin, cognate, of like kind, τοὺς τρόπους οὐ συγγενής Ar. Eq. 1280 (troch.), cf. Th. 574; ξυγγενὴς ὁ κύσθος αὐτῆς θητέρᾳ (for τῷ τῆς ἑτέρας) Id. Ach. 789; freq. in Pl., [ἡ ψυχὴ] ς. οὖσα τῷ θείῳ R. 611e; τῇ πολεμικῇ ς. ἡ πάλη Lg. 814d; τοῖς . . λόγοις τὴν αἰτίαν συγγενῆ δεῖ νομίζειν Arist. GA 788b9, cf. Rh. 1398a21 (Comp.): rarely c. gen., νοῦς αἰτίας ς. Pl. Phlb. 31a, cf. Phd. 79d, R. 403a, 487a: abs., ς. τιμωρίαι fitting, proper punishments, Lycurg. 122 (but prob. f.l. for εὐγ‐); συγγενῆ things of the same kind, homogeneous, Arist. APo. 76a1; τὰ ς. καὶ τὰ ὁμοειδῆ Id. Rh. 1405a35; ς. τέχναι Stoic. 2.30; ἐν γαίῃ μὲν σῶμα τὸ ς. its congener, IG 9(1).882.7 (Corc<*>ra). Adv., συγγενῶς ἔρχεσθαι Pl. Lg. 897c; ς. τρέχων Πλάτωνι Alex. 1 (codd. D.L.); τὰ ς. εἰρημένα to similar effect, Phld. Mus. p.92K.

III. συγγενής represented a title bestowed at the Persian court by the king as a mark of honour, 'cousin', X. Cyr. 1.4.27, 2.2.31, D.S. 16.50; also at the Ptolemaic and Seleucid courts, OGI 104.2 (Delos, ii B.C.), al., BGU 1741.12 (i B.C.), LXX 1 Ma. 10.89; οἱ ς. τῶν κατοίκων ἱππέων prob. a category of nobles among the κάτοικοι, PTeb. 61(b). 79 (ii B.C.); συγγενεῖς κάτοικοι UPZ 14.8 (ii B.C.).