σοφίζω

A. make wise, instruct, LXX Ps. 18(19).8; τινὰ εἰς σωτηρίαν 2 Ep.Ti. 3.15.

2. Pass., become or be clever or skilled in a thing, c. gen. rei, ναυτιλίης σεσοφισμένος skilled in seamanship, Hes. Op. 649; Μοίσαι σεσοφισμέναι Ibyc. Oxy. 1790.23; so ἐν τοῖς ὀνόμασι ς. X. Cyn. 13.6: abs., to become or be wise, freq. in LXX Ec. 7.24(23), al.; βέλτερος ἀλκήεντος ἔφυ σεσοφισμένος ἀνήρ Ps.-Phoc. 130.

3. Med., teach oneself, learn, ἐσοφίσατο ὅτι . .he became aware that . ., LXX 1 Ki. 3.8.

II. Med. σοφίζομαι, with aor. Med. and pf. Pass. (v. infr.), practise an art, Thgn. 19, IG 12.678; play subtle tricks, deal subtly, E. IA 744, D. 18.227, etc.; οὐδὲν σοφιζόμεσθα τοῖσι δαίμοσι we use no subtleties in dealing with the gods, E. Ba. 200; to be scientific, speculate, περὶ τὸ ὄνομα Pl. R. 509d, cf. Plt. 299b, Muson. Fr. 3p.12H., etc.; σοφιζόμενος φάναι to say rationalistically, Pl. Phdr. 229c; καίπερ οὕτω τούτου σεσοφισμένου though he has dealt thus craftily, D. 29.28; σοφίσασθαι πρός τι to use fraud for an end, Plb. 6.58.12; οἱ ἰητροὶ σοφιζόμενοι ἔστιν οἳ ἁμαρτάνουσι when they deal in subtleties, Hp. Fract. 1; οἱ μυθικῶς σοφ. Arist. Metaph. 1000a18, cf. HA 582a35, D. 35.56; ς. πρὸς τὸν νόμον evade it, Plu. Dem. 27.

2. c. acc. rei, devise cleverly or skilfully, Hdt. 2.66, 8.27, cf. 1.80; καινὰς ἰδέας σοφίζεσθαι Ar. Nu. 547; χαρίεντα καὶ σοφά Id. Av. 1401; ἀλλότρια ς. meddle with other men's craft, Id. Eq. 299; with internal acc., ἀνόητα ς. exercise one's skill without νοῦς, Pl. Hp.Ma. 283a, cf. X. Mem. 1.2.46; ὅσα . . σοφίζονται πρὸς τὸν δῆμον Arist. Pol. 1297a14; ἀλλ’ αὐτὸ τοῦτο δεῖ σοφισθῆναι this is the very thing one must gain by craft, S. Ph. 77; οἶνον ἀπὸ τῶν φοινίκων ς. make spurious wine, Philostr. VA 2.6; πορφύραν παρὰ τῆς κόχλου Id. Her. 19.15:—Pass., σεσοφισμένοι μῦθοι craftily devised, 2 Ep.Pet. 1.16.

b. ς. νόμον evade it, Philostr. VA 2.40, cf. Ael. VH 2.41, Palaeph. 50, OGI 383.208 (Commagene, i B.C.).

3. c. acc. pers., deceive, τὸν Τίτον J. BJ 4.2.3; μή με σοφίζου AP 12.25 (Stat. Flacc.); τὸν δῆμον Hdn. 7.10.7; also ς. τὴν αἴσθησιν Aret. SD 1.15.

4. 'counter' by a device, σοφίζεται τὴν βίαν τοῦ μηχανήματος J. BJ 3.7.20.