πόλος

A. piuot on which anything turns, axis:

1. axis of the celestial sphere, γῆν ἰλλομένην τὴν περὶ τὸν διὰ παντὸς πόλον τεταμένον Pl. Ti. 40c.

2. pole of this axis, ὁ ἄνω, ὁ κάτω π., Arist. Cael. 285b9, cf. Mete. 362a33; π. φανερός, ἀφανής, Id. Cael. 285b21; π. ἀρκτικός, ἀνταρκτικός, Id. Mu. 392a2; π. βόρειος, νότιος, Hipparch. 1.4.1, 1.8.14, cf. Gem. 16.11, Cleom. 1.4, Ptol. Alm. 2.6; π. τοῦ ὁρίζοντος the zenith, Euc. Phaen. p.18 M.; λόξωσις τοῦ π. inclination of the pole (of the zodiac), Ocell. 2.23.

b. pole-star, Eratosth. Cat. 2.

3. celestial sphere, vault of heauen, sky, A. Pr. 429 (lyr.), E. Fr. 839.11 (anap.); ἄστρων π. Id. Or. 1685 (anap.), cf. eund.Eleg. 2; τὸ τοῦ π. τοῦ παντὸς ἡμισφαίριον Alex. 261.7; ὀρνίθων π. Ar. Av. 179; ψυχὴ δ’ αἰθέριον κατέχει π. Epigr.Gr. 225 (Ephesus); ἀπ’ ἀντολίης πόλον ἥλατο χρύσεα κύκλα ἠελίου AP 14.139 (Metrod.).

b. ὑπὸ τὸν αὐτὸν π. in the same latitude, Gal. 17(1).16.

4. orbit of a star, Pl. Epin. 986c.

5. crown of the head, Hsch.; the whole head, Poll. 2.99.

II. centre of the circular threshing-floor, X. Oec. 18.8.

III. pole passing through the axle-tree of a carriage, as a shock-absorber, D.S. 18.27.

IV. concave sun-dial (called πόλος from being shaped like the vault of heaven), on which the shadow was cast by the γνώμων, Hdt. 2.109, Ar. Fr. 163: fem. in Luc. Lex. 4.

2. διακόσμησις τοῦ π. organization of the calendar, OGI 56.46 (Canopus, iii B. C.).

V. head-dress, worn by goddesses, e.g. Aphrodite, Paus. 2.10.5; Tyche, Id. 4.30.6.

VI. Archit., dowel, IG 22.1675.4, al.

VII. crescent-shaped projection on a machine for reducing dislocations, Philistion ap. Orib. 49.4.37.

VIII. windlass, capstan, BGU 544.24 (pl., ii A. D.).