πνίγω

A. ἔπνιγον Ar. Nu. 1376: fut. πνίξω(ἀπο‐) Pl.Com. 198, Antiph. 171; Dor. 2 pl. fut. πνιξεῖσθε Epich. 155: aor. ἔπνιξα, imper. πνῖξον, Cratin. 27, Hdt. 2.92, Batr. 158:—Pass., fut. πνιγήσομαι Gal. Nat.Fac. 1.17, (ἀπο‐) Ar. Nu. 1504, Hp. Morb. 3.16; also ἀπο‐πεπνίξομαι Eun. VS p.463 B.: aor. ἐπνίχθην(ἀπ‐) Aret. SA 1.7; but ἐπνίγην [ι] Batr. 148, Aret. SD 1.11, (ἀπ‐) Pherecr. 159, Pl. Grg. 512a, D. 32.6, etc.: pf. πέπνιγμαι, v. infr.11.—The simple verb is less freq. than the compd. ἀποπνίγω:— choke, throttle, strangle, Sophr.l.c., etc.; of a doctor, πνίγων . . πικρότατα πόματα διδούς Pl. Grg. 522a; ἂν ὕλη πνίγῃ [τὸν σῖτον] X. Oec. 17.14: prov., ὅταν τὸ ὕδωρ πνίγῃ, τί δεῖ ἐπιπίνειν; Arist. EN 1146a35:—Pass., to be choked, stifled, ἐπνιγόμην τὰ σπλάγχνα Ar. Nu. 1036; αἱ ὑστερικῶς πνιγόμεναι Antyll. ap. Orib. 10.19.1.

2. impers. πνίγει, of great heat, it is stifling, Arist. Pr. 941b4, 944a7.

3. metaph., vex, torment, ἕνα χαλκοῦν ἀποβαλὼν αὑτὸν π. Phld. Ir. p.37 W.; ὃ δὲ μάλιστά με πνίγει v.l. in Luc. Prom. 17; oppress by exactions, 'squeeze', Jul. Mis. 368c.

II. cook in a close-covered vessel, bake, stew, Hdt. 2.92; δικίδιον . . ἐν λοπάδι πεπνιγμένον Ar. V. 511; πεπνιγμένος Metag. 6. 9.

III. drown (cf. πνῖξις 11), in Pass., X. An. 5.7.25: metaph., of plants, τὰ φυτὰ . . τοῖς πολλοῖς [ὕδασι] πνίγεται Plu. 2.9b.