πλήσσω

A. πλήξω A. Fr. 275, and late Prose, Philostr. VA 5.39, (ἐπι‐) Il. 23.580, (ἐκ‐) Pl. R. 436e, (κατα‐) X. Lac. 8.3: aor. ἔπληξα, Ep. πλῆξα, Il. 2.266, Hes. Th. 855, Hdt. 3.64, and later Greek, J. AJ 4.8.33, Plu. 2.233f, BGU 759.14 (ii A.D.), etc.; Dor. πλᾶξα Pi. N. 1.49; never in Att. (E. IA 1579 is spurious) exc. in compds. ἐκ‐, κατα‐ (qq. v.); in the simple Verb the fut. and aor. of πατάσσω or παίω are used instead, as also in LXX: pf. πέπληγα, subj. πεπλήγῃ Ar. Av. 1350, inf. πεπληγέναι X. An. 6.1.5 (dub., but read by Ath. 1.15e), part. πεπληγώς Il. 5.763, al. (also in pass. sense in late writers, LXX 2 Ch. 29.9, Plu. Luc. 31, Luc. Trag. 115, Q.S. 5.91, etc.); later perf. πέπληχα Men. Epit. 485, Sam. 86, J. AJ 4.8.33: Ep. redupl. aor. 2 ἐπέπληγον Il. 5.504, πέπληγον 23.363, Od. 8.264; inf. πεπληγέμεν Il. 16.728, 23.660; but part. πεπλήγοντες in pres. sense, Call. Jov. 53, Nonn. D. 28.327:—Med., fut. πλήξομαι(κατα‐) Plb. 4.80.2, D.H. 6.10, etc.: aor. ἐπληξάμην, Ep. πληξάμην, h.Cer. 245, Hdt. 3.14, and in late Prose, J. AJ 16.10.7, (κατα‐) Plb. 2.52.1, etc.; part. πληξάμενος Il. 16.125: Ep. aor. 2 πεπλήγετο 12.162, Od. 13.198, πεπλήγοντο Il. 18.51:—Pass., pres. πλήσσομαι Ptol. Harm. 1.1: fut. πληγήσομαι X. Cyr. 2.3.10, D. 18.263 (but in compos. ἐκ‐πλαγήσομαι); also πεπλήξομαι E. Hipp. 894, Ar. Eq. 271, Pl. Tht. 180a: aor. ἐπλήχθην Ph. 1.39, Dsc. 1.93, Placit. 4.14.3, but mostly ἐπλήγην, Hdt. 5.120, S. OC 605, etc. (the former nowhere in Trag., exc. ἐκ‐πληχθείς E. Tr. 183 (lyr.)); part. πληγείς Il. 8.12, A. Th. 608, Frr. 139, 180, Antipho 4.4.3, etc.; Dor. πλαγείς (v. infr. 1.1a ad fin.); Aeol. πλάγεις [α] Alc. Supp. 26.3; (ἐπλάγην [α] only in compds. ἐξ‐, κατ‐, of persons struck with terror or amazement): pf. πέπληγμαι Hdt. 1.41, etc.—in Att. and Trag., also LXX, the simple Verb is scarcely found exc. in fut. 2 and 3, aor. 2, and pf. Pass., but fut. Act. is used once by A., pf. 2 πέπληγα by Ar. and X. (v. supr.); Hdt. uses the Act. (aor.) only in 3.64,78.—The pres. πλήσσω, πλήσσομαι are unknown to Att. writers (also to LXX, exc. 4 Ma. 14.19), who use the pres. Act. and Pass. of παίω, τύπτω instead (v. sub his vv.); whereas the aor. 2 Pass. ἐπλήγην is used instead of ἐπαίσθην, ἐπατάχθην, or ἐτύφθην(ἐτύπην): hence παίσαντές τε καὶ πληγέντες S. Ant. 172; πότερον πρότερος ἐπλήγην ἢ ἐπάταξα Lys. 4.15; πατάξας καταβάλλω, opp. πληγεὶς κατέπεσεν, Id. 1.25,27; ὁ πληγεὶς ἀεὶ τῆς πληγῆς ἔχεται, κἂν ἑτέρωσε πατάξῃ τις, ἐκεῖσ’ εἰσὶν αἱ χεῖρες D. 4.40; ὅταν ὁ μὲν πληγῇ, ὁ δὲ πατάξῃ Arist. EN 1132a8; πατάξαι ἢ πληγῆναι Id. Rh. 1377a21; so in D. 21.33,38 the Act. πατάξαι corresponds with the Pass. πληγῆναι in ib.36,39:—strike, smite, freq. in Hom., esp. of a direct blow, opp. βάλλειν(οὔτε πληγέντα . . , οὔτε βληθέντα Hdt. 6.117), πλῆξεν . . κόρυθος φάλον Il. 3.362; σκήπτρῳ δὲ μετάφρενον ἠδὲ καὶ ὤμω πλῆξεν 2.266, cf. 16.791; πλήξας ξίφει αὐχένα ib.332; μή τις . . ἐμὲ χειρὶ βαρείῃ πλήξῃ Od. 18.57, etc.; ἱστὸς . . πλῆξε κυβερνήτεω κεφαλήν 12.412: c. acc. dupl. pers. et rei, strike one on . . , τὸν δ’ ἄορι πλῆξ’ αὐχένα Il. 11.240, etc.; τὸν . . ξίφεϊ . . κληῗδα παρ’ ὦμον πλῆξ’ 5.147; τὸν . . κατ’ ἄκνηστιν μέσα νῶτα πλῆξα Od. 10.162; πὺξ πεπληγέμεν, of boxers, Il. 23.660; πλῆξ’ αὐτοσχεδίην 12.192; πεπληγὼς ἀγορῆθεν ἀεικέσσι πληγῇσιν having driven him with blows, 2.264; κῦμα . . μιν . . πλῆξεν struck him, Od. 5.431; ὦσε ποδὶ πλήξας 22.20; ἵππω πλήξαντε [ποσὶ τὸν νεκρόν] Il. 5.588; πέπληγον χορὸν ποσίν Od. 8.264; ἵππους ἐς πόλεμον πεπληγέμεν whip on the horses to the fray, Il. 16.728; of Zeus, strike with lightning, Hes. Th. 855:—Med., μηρὼ πληξάμενος having smitten his thighs, Il. 16.125; καὶ ὣ πεπλήγετο μηρώ 12.162 (but στῆθος πλήξας Od. 20.17); πλήξασθαι τὴν κεφαλήν, as a token of grief, Hdt. 3.14:—Pass., to be struck, smitten, πληγέντε κεραυνῷ stricken by lightning, Il. 8.455, etc.; of a ship, Διὸς πληγεῖσα κ. Od. 12.416; of a tree, Hes. Sc. 422, cf. Th. 861; ἡ κριθὴ ἐπλήγη (by hail?) PPetr. 2p.69 (iii B. C.): freq. in Trag., πληγεὶς θεοῦ μάστιγι A. Th. 608; Διὸς πληγέντα . . πυρί E. Supp. 934; πληγείς τινος stricken by a man, Id. Or. 497 (s.v.l.); ἔβραχε θύρετρα πληγέντα κληῗδι touched by the key, Od. 21.50; ὥσπερ τὰ χαλκία πληγέντα . . ἠχεῖ Pl. Prt. 329a; ὑπὸ δόρατος πλαγεὶς δῑ ἀμφοτέρων τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν IG 42(1).122.64 (Epid., iv B. C.): c. acc. cogn., πέπληγμαι καιρίαν πληγήν A. Ag. 1343.

b. sting, πληγεῖσα ὑπὸ σκορπίου Sammelb. 1267.6 (i A. D.).

2. with acc. of the thing set in motion, κονίσαλον ἐς οὐρανὸν ἐπέπληγον πόδες ἵππων struck the dust up to heaven, Il. 5.504; Ζεὺς ἐπ’ Ἴδᾳ πλᾶξε κεραυνόν (for Ἴδαν πλᾶξε κεραυνῷ) Pi. N. 10.71:—Pass., πλήσσονται λινέαις ὄρτυγες ἐν νεφέλαις are dashed against the nets, Call. Aet. 3.1.37.

3. strike or stamp as one does a coin, Κύπριος χαρακτὴρ . . ἐν γυναικείοις τύποις . . πέπληκται A. Supp. 283.

4. of musical sounds, οὑτωσὶ πληγέντα οὕτως ἐφθέγξατο τὰ φωνήεντα Plot. 3.3.5.

II. metaph. in Pass., receive a blow, to be heavily defeated, Hdt. 5.120, 8.130, Th. 4.108, 8.38; to be stricken by misfortune, συμφορῇ πεπληγμένον Hdt. 1.41, cf. A. Ch. 31 (lyr.); στρατὸν τοσοῦτον πέπληγμαι I am smitten in so great a host, Id. Pers. 1015 (lyr.); διανταίαν δόμοισι καὶ σώμασιν πεπλαγμένους Id. Th. 896 (lyr.); φθινάσιν πληγεῖσα νόσοις S. Ant. 819 (anap.).

2. to be smitten emotionally, ἱμέρῳ πεπληγμένοι A. Ag. 544; also πληγέντες δώροισι touched by bribes, Hdt. 8.5; ἐξ ἔρωτος Hermesian. 7.42; τὴν καρδίαν πληγεὶς ὑπὸ λόγων Pl. Smp. 218a, etc.

3. Act. of wines, when smelt or drunk, overpower, τὴν κεφαλήν Gal. 18(2).568, 15.672; shock, κατασεισμὸς πλήσσει [τινὰ] βιαίως Sor. 1.72:— Pass., πληττομένη ἡ μήτρα Id. 2.59. (Cf. πλάζω, Lat.plango, Goth. faiflōkun (redupl.) 'they beat their breasts'.)