καίω

A. ἔκαιον Od. 9.553, Att. ἔκαον, Ep. καῖον Il. 21.343: fut. καύσω X. Cyr. 5.4.21, (ἐπι‐) Pl.Com. 186.4, (κατα‐) Ar. Lys. 1218; also καύσομαι Id. Pl. 1054: aor. 1 ἔκαυσα Id. Pax 1088, Th. 7.80 (bis), Pl. Grg. 456b, etc.; Ep. ἔκηα (certain Act. and Med. forms have κει‐ in codd. of Hom., v. infr.), ἔκηα Il. 1.40, al.; 3 sg. ἔκηε(ν) 22.170, 24.34, al.; unaugm. κῆεν 21.349; 3 pl. ἔκηαν (v.l. ἔκειαν) Od. 22.336; imper. κεῖον 21.176 codd.; 1 pl. subj. κείομεν Il. 7.333 (κατα‐), 377, 396 (better attested than κήομεν); opt. κήαι, κήαιεν, 21.336, 24.38; inf. κῆαι Od. 15.97 (v.l. κεῖαι), κατα‐κῆαι 10.533, 11.46, κακκῆαι ib.74 (v.l. κακκεῖαι); part. κείαντες 9.231, 13.26, Att. κέαντες A. Ag. 849, S. El. 757, (ἐκ‐) E. Rh. 97, ἐκκέας Ar. Pax 1133 (lyr.), ἐγκέαντι IG 12.374.96,261: pf. κέκαυκα(κατα‐, προς‐) X. HG 6.5.37, Alex. 124.3:—Med., aor. 1 ἐκαυσάμην(ἀν‐) Hdt. 1.202, 8.19; Ep. κείαντο, κειάμενοι, Il. 9.88,234; κειάμενος Od. 16.2, 23.51:—Pass., fut. καυθήσομαι Hp. Nat.Mul. 107, (κατα‐, ἐκ‐) Ar. Nu. 1505, Pl. R. 362a; late καήσομαι 1 Ep.Cor. 3.15: aor. 1 ἐκαύθην Hp. Epid. 4.4, Int. 28, (κατ‐) Hdt. 1.19, Th. 3.74; Ep. and Ion. aor. 2 ἐκάην [α] Il. 9.212 (κατ‐), Od. 12.13, (δί‐) Hp. Loc.Hom. 40, (κατ‐) Hdt. 2.180; inf. καήμεναι Il.<*>3.210, καῆναι Parth. 9.8: pf. κέκαυμαι E. Cyc. 457, Th. 4.34, etc., κέκαυσμαι Hp. Int. 28; inf. κεκαῦσθαι Arist. Mete. 343a9. (From καv‐yw.)

I. kindle, πυρὰ πολλά Il. 9.77; πῦρ κείαντες Od. 9.231; πῦρ κῆαι 15.97, etc.:—Med., πῦρ κείαντο they lighted them a fire, Il. 9.88, cf. 234, Od. 16.2:—Pass., to be lighted, burn, πυραὶ νεκύων καίοντο Il. 1.52; θεείου καιομένοιο 8.135; καιομένοιο πυρός 19.376, cf. Hdt. 1.86, Ar. V. 1372, etc.; φῶς πυρὸς καόμενον Pl. R. 514b; αἱ φλόγες αἱ καιόμεναι . . περὶ τὸν οὐρανόν the meteors which blaze, Arist. Mete. 341b2; of ore, to be smelted, Id. HA 552b10.

II. set on fire, burn, μηρία, ὀστέα, Od. 9.553, Hes. Th. 557; νεκρούς Il. 21.343; δένδρεα ib. 338:—Pass., νηυσὶν καιομένῃσιν 9.602.

2. make hot, of the sun, ἀνθρώπους Hdt. 3.104: abs., ibid., Pl. Cra. 413b; [Χείμαρρος] ἠελίῳ κεκαυμένος smelted, AP 9.277 (Antiphil.).

3. of extreme cold, ἡ Χιὼν καίει τῶν κυνῶν τὰς ῥῖνας X. Cyn. 8.2, cf. 6.26 (Pass.); κάειν λέγεται . . τὸ ψυχρόν, οὐχ ὡς τὸ θερμόν Arist. Mete. 382b8.

4. Pass., of fever-heat, τὰ ἐντὸς ἐκάετο Th. 2.49: metaph., of passion, esp. of love, to be on fire, ἐν φρασὶ καιομένα Pi. P. 4.219; κάομαι τὴν καρδίαν Ar. Lys. 9; ἔρως . . ὕβρει καόμενος Pl. Lg. 783a; καίεσθαί τινος (sc. ἔρωτι) Hermesian. 7.37, Charito 4.6, cf. Parth. 14.2; also καομένη Ἑλλάς Greece being in a fever of excitement, Lys. 33.7.

5. suffer from inflammation, ἐκαύθη ἔσω Hp. Epid. 4.20, cf. 4.

III. burn and destroy (in war), τέμνειν καὶ κ., κ. καὶ πορθεῖν, waste with fire and sword, X. HG 4.2.15, 6.5.27.

IV. of surgeons, cauterize, ὤμους Hp. Art. 11:—in Pass., Id. Aph. 6.60: abs., τέμνειν καὶ κάειν to use knife and cautery, Pl. Grg. 480c,521e, X. An. 5.8.18, etc.: rarely reversed, κέαντες ἢ τεμόντες A. Ag. 849.

V. burn or bake pottery, κανθάρους dub. in Phryn.Com. 15.