θύω

A. θῦον Od. 15.222, Ion. θύεσκον Hippon. 37: fut. θύσω [υ] E. El. 1141, Pl. Lg. 909d, Henioch. 5.10, Dor. θυσῶ Theoc. 2.33; 3 pl. θυσέοντι IG 12(3).452 (Thera): aor. ἔθυσα Od. 9.231, etc., Ep. θῦσα 14.446: pf. τέθυκα Ar. Lys. 1062, Pl. R. 328c:—Med., fut. θύσομαι E. Heracl. 340 (as Pass., Hdt. 7.197): aor. ἐθυσάμην Th. 4.92, (ἐκ‐) Hdt. 6.91, etc.:—Pass., fut. τυθήσομαι D.S. 16.91, Luc. DDeor. 4.2: aor. ἐτύθην [υ] Hdt. 1.216, A. Ch. 242, Philem. 155.2 (part. written θυθέν Men. Sam. 185, cf. τὴν βοῦν τὴν θυθεῖσαν IG 12(7).241 (Amorgos, iii B.C.), etc.): pf. τέθυμαι A. Eu. 341 (lyr.), Ar. Av. 1034, X. HG 3.5.5 (in med. sense, 5.1.18, An. 7.8.21): plpf. ἐτέθυτο Id. HG 3.1.23. [υ in fut. and aor., υ in pf. Act. and Pass., and aor. Pass.; υ generally in pres. and impf., exc. in trisyll. cases of part., θυοντα Od. 15.260, θύοντες h.Ap. 491, but θύεσκε Hippon. 37; ἔθύε, θύων, Pi. O. 10(11).57,13.69; θύειν, at the end of a line, E. El. 1141 (s.v. l., fort. θύη), Cyc. 334, Ar. Ach. 792 (spoken by a Megarian); θύεις, θύω, Strato Com. 1.19, 20; θύωντι 3 pl. pres. subj., Theoc. 4.21.]

I. Act., offer by burning meat or drink to the gods (τὸ θύειν δωρεῖσθαί ἐστι τοῖς θεοῖς Pl. Euthphr. 14c), θεοῖσι δὲ θῦσαι ἀνώγει Πάτροκλον . . , ὁ δ’ ἐν πυρὶ βάλλε θυηλάς Il. 9.219, cf. Aristarch. ap. Sch.adloc., Com.Adesp. 7D. (ap. Phryn. PS p.74 B.); ἦ ῥα καὶ ἄρ γματα θῦσε θεοῖς, of a drink-offering, Od. 14.446, cf. 15.260; so ἔνθα δὲ πῦρ κήαντες ἐθύσαμεν (sc. τῶν τυρῶν) made an offering of cheese, 9.231; θ. ἀκρόθινα Pi. O. 10(11).57; πέλανον, δεῖπνα, A. Pers. 204, Eu. 109; πυρούς, ναστούς, Ar. Av. 565, 567: c. dat. rei, θ. τούτῳ ὅ τι ἔχοι ἕκαστος (with v.l. τοῦτο) Hdt. 1.50.

2. sacrifice, slay a victim, [τῷ ἡλίῳ] θ. ἵππους (v.l. ἵπποισι) ib. 216; ταῦρον Pi. O. 13.69; αὑτοῦ παῖδα A. Ag. 1417, cf. S. El. 532, etc.; ἱρά Hdt. 1.59; ἱερεῖα Th. 1.126, etc.; θ. θῦμα, θυσίαν, Pl. Plt. 290e, R. 362c, etc.; θ. διαβατήρια, ἐπινίκια, etc., Plu. Luc. 24, Pl. Smp. 173a, etc.:—Pass., τὰ τεθυμένα the flesh of the victim, X. HG 4.3.14, etc.; τὰ τεθ. ἱερά ib.3.5.5; τὰ θυόμενα Id. Lac. 15.3.

b. simply, slaughter, Hdt. 1.126, Ar. Lys. 1062, LXX Is. 22.13.

3. abs., offer sacrifice, Hdt. 1.31.al., A. Ag. 594, Fr. 161.2, S. OC 1159; τοῖσι θεοῖσι θ. Pherecr. 23, cf. Hdt. 4.60, 8.138; θεῶν ἕνεκα Men. 129.1.

4. celebrate with offerings or sacrifices, σῶστρα θ. Hdt. 1.118; γενέθλια Pl. Alc. 1.121c; Λύκαια, Ἡράκλεια X. An. 1.2.10, D. 19.86; ἐλευθέρια Henioch. 5.10; γάμους Plu. Pomp. 55.

5. c. dupl.acc., εὐαγγέλια θ. ἑκατὸν βοῦς sacrifice a hundred oxen for the good news, Ar. Eq. 656.

6. Ἑστίᾳ θύειν, prov. of niggards, because sacrifices to Hestia admitted no one to share the offering, Theopomp.Com. 28.

II. Med., cause a victim to be offered, τῶν θυμάτων ὧν δεῖ θύεσθαι καὶ παρίστασθαι IG 5(1).1390.65 (Andania, i B.C.), etc.: hence freq. abs., consult the gods, Hdt. 7.189, E. Heracl. 340; ἐπὶ Κρότωνα, ἐπὶ τῷ Πέρσῃ, i.e. on marching against . ., Hdt. 5.44, 9.10, cf. X. An. 7.8.21; θύεσθαι ἐπ’ ἐξόδῳ ib. 6.4.9; ὑπὲρ τῆς μονῆς ib.5.6.27: c. inf., θ. ἰέναι offer sacrifice [to learn] whether to go or not, ib.2.2.3; also ἐθυόμην εἰ βέλτιον εἴη ib.6.1.31 (so in Act., ἔθυε (v.l. ἐθύετο)τῷ Διί . . πότερά οἱ λῷον καὶ ἄμεινον εἴη . . ib.7.6.44); διαβατήρια θύεσθαι, as in Act., Th. 5.54.

2. metaph., tear in pieces, of wild beasts, A. Ag. 137 (lyr.). (Hence θυμός, cf. Skt.dhūmás, Lat. fumus 'smoke', θυμιάω, θύος, θυήλημα, τύφω, perh. θεῖον (A), Lat. suffire; cf. sq.)