ἥλιος

A. sun, Il. 7.421, etc.; ὁρᾶν φάος ἠελίοιο to see the light of life, live, 18.61, etc.; ὑπ’ ἠελίῳ τε καὶ οὐρανῷ ἀστερόεντι ναιετάουσι 4.44; γυνὴ . . ἀρίστη τῶν ὑφ’ ἡλίῳ E. Alc. 151; οὐκέτ’ ἔστιν ὑφ’ ἁλίῳ ib.395; also ὑπὸ ἡλίου ἑωρᾶσθαι Th. 2.102; οἱ ὑπὸ τοῦτον τὸν ἥλιον ἄνθρωποι D. 18.270; τριῶν τῶν ὑπὸ τὸν ἥ. μεγίστων ἡγεμονιῶν Plu. Luc. 30: prov., οὐδ’ ὁ ἥ. εἴσεται Hld. 7.21; ὥσπερ σελήνη γ’ ἡλίῳ (sc. ὅμοιος) a pale reflection, Com.Adesp. 5.15D.

2. to determine the cardinal points, πρὸς ἠῶ τ’ ἠέλιόν τε towards the East, opp. πρὸς ζόφον: εἴτ’ ἐπὶ δεξί’ ἴωσι πρὸς ἠῶ τ’ ἠέλιόν τε, εἴτ’ ἐπ’ ἀριστερὰ τοί γε ποτὶ ζόφον ἠερόεντα Il. 12.239, cf. Od. 9.26; ὅσοι ναίουσι πρὸς ἠῶ τ’ ἠέλιόν τε, ἠδ’ ὅσσοι μετόπισθε ποτὶ ζόφον 13.240; πρὸς ἠῶ τε καὶ ἡλίου ἀνατολάς, opp. πρὸς ἑσπέρην, Hdt. 7.58; τὰ πρὸς ἠῶ τε καὶ ἥλιον ἀνατέλλοντα Id. 4.40; οἱ ἀπὸ ἡλίου ἀνατολέων Αἰθίοπες the eastern . ., Id. 7.70.

3. day, S. El. 424; a day, Pi. O. 13.37, Hp. Alim. 42, E. Hel. 652(pl.), Ps.-Luc. Philopatr. 4,26, etc.; later, year, Herod. 10.1.

4. sunshine, sun's heat, ἐπὶ τοῖς ὄρεσιν Pl. Phd. 116e; ἥ. πολύς Luc. Nav. 35, cf.Herm. 25; πολὺντὸν ἥ. ἐμφαίνειν, of a sunburnt person, Id. Ind. 3, cf. Rh.Pr. 9: pl., sunbeams, Thphr. Sign. 22, Ael. NA 16.17; hot sunny days, Th. 7.87.

5. metaph., sunshine, brightness, ψυχῆς Plu. 2.994e, cf. Artem. 2.36, etc.; of a person, Ἑλλάνων δόξης δεύτερον Ἀέλιον IG 14.1188; of Ptol. VI, UPZ 15.33; νέος Ἥ., of Nero and Caligula, SIG 814.34, 798.3.

II. as pr. n., Helios, the sun-god, Od. 8.271, etc.; νὴ τὸν Ἥ. Men. Sam. 108; ὑπὸ Δία Γῆν Ἥλιον, in manumission-formula, POxy. 48.6, 49.8 (i A.D.), IG 9(1).412(Aetolia), IPE 2.54.10 (iii A.D.); [Ἥλιος] δούλους ἐλευθέρους ποιεῖ Artem. 2.36; identified with Apollo, Carm.Pop. 12, E. Fr. 781.11; with Dionysus, D.Chr. 31.11, etc.

2. Ἡλίου ἀστήρ, of the planet Saturn, v.l. in Pl. Epin. 987c, cf. D.S. 2.30, Theo Sm. p.130H. (I.-E. sāwelios, cf. Cret. ἀβέλιος, Lith. sáulė, Lat. sōl.)