ἐχθρός

A. hated, hateful, of persons and things, freq. from Hom. downwds. (Hom. has it only in this pass. sense); ἐ. γάρ μοι κεῖνος ὁμῶς Ἀΐδαο πύλῃσι Od. 14.156, Il. 9.312; ἐχθρὸν δέ μοί ἐστιν c.inf., 'tis hateful to me to . . , Od. 12.452; θεοῖσιν ἐ. Hes. Th. 766, Thgn. 601, Ar. Eq. 34; ὁ θεοῖσιν ἐ. Pl.Com. 74, etc.; cf. θεοισεχθρός.

II. Act., hating, hostile, first in Hes. and Pi. (v. infr. 111), τινι D. 10.11, X. Ages. 6.1, etc.: c. gen., ὕβριος ἐχθρὰν ὁδόν averse from insolence, Pi. O. 7.90: abs., ἐ. γλῶσσα A. Ch. 309 (anap.); ὀργαί Id. Eu. 937 (anap.), etc.; ἀστέρες Vett.Val. 143.5.

III. as Subst., ἐχθρός,ὁ, enemy, where the act. and pass. senses freq. coincide, Hes. Op. 342, Pi. P. 2.84, etc.; ἀνὴρ ἐ. Hdt. 1.92; ὁ Διὸς ἐ. A. Pr. 120 (anap.); ἐχθροῖς ἐχθρὰ πορσύνων Id. Ag. 1374; εἴ . . τινα ἴδοι ἐχθρὸν ἑαυτοῦ Th. 4.47; οἱ ἐμοὶ ἐ. Id. 6.89, etc.—Acc. to Ammon. Diff. p.63 V., ἐχθρός is one who has been φίλος, but is alienated; πολέμιος one who is at war; δυσμενής one who has long been alienated and refuses to be reconciled.

IV. regul. Comp. ἐχθρότερος D. Prooem. 40.3, AP 5.160 (Hedyl. or Asclep.); Sup. -ότατος Pi. N. 1.65, S. OT 1346 (lyr.), D. 19.300: but more freq. irreg. ἐχθίων, ἔχθιστος (qq.v.).

V. Adv. ἐχθρῶς, μισοῦντες Pl. Lg. 697d, etc.: Comp. -οτέρως D. 5.18: Sup. -ότατα Id. 23.149.