ἀλήθεια

A. ἀλαθεία B. 12.204); ἀλάθεα Alc. 57, Theoc. 29.1 is neut. pl. of ἀλαθής; Ep. (and Farly Att. acc. to Hdn.Gr.2.454) ἀληθεία; Ion. ἀληθείη:

I. truth, opp. lie or mere appearance:

1. in Hom. only opp. a lie, freq. in phrase ἀληθείην καταλέξαι Il. 24.407,al.; ἀ. ἀποειπεῖν 23.361; παιδὸς πᾶσαν ἀ. μυθεῖσθαι to tell whole truth about the lad, Od. 11.507; ἀλάθεῑ ἀτρεκής Pi. N. 5.17, cf. B. l.c.; prov., οἶνος καὶ ἀ. `in vino veritas', Alc.l.c., etc.; ἁπλᾶ γάρ ἐστι τῆς ἀ. ἔπη A. Fr. 176, cf. E. Ph. 469; χρᾶσθαι τῇ ἀ. Hdt. 1.116; εἰπεῖν τὴν ἀ. Id. 6.69; ἡ ἀ. περί τινος Th. 4.122, S. Tr. 91; ἀ. ἔχειν to be true, Arist. Pol. 1281a42: pl., ταῖς ἀ. χρῆσθαι Isoc. 9.5; τὰς ἀ. λέγειν Men. 87,925; τὰς ἀ. ἀκοῦσαι τῶν γενομένων Alcid. Od. 13:—Ἀλήθεια or περὶ Ἀληθείας, title of works by Protag., Pl. Tht. 161c, Cra. 391c; by Antipho Soph. FOxy. 1364, cf. Hermog. Id. 2.11, etc.

2. after Hom. also truth, reality, opp. appearance, σὺν ἀλαθείᾳ καλῶν B. 3.96; ἡ ἀ. τῶν πραχθέντων Antipho 2.4.1; τῶν ἔργων ἡ ἀ. Th. 2.41; μιμήματα ἀληθείας Pl. Plt. 300c:— in adverb. usages, τῇ ἀ. in very truth, Th. 4.120, etc.; ταῖς ἀ. Isoc. 15.283, cf. Philem. 130, Plb. 10.40.5, Babr. 75.20; rarely (without the Art.) ἀληθείᾳ Pl. Prt. 343d:—with Preps., ἐν τῇ ἀ. Pl. La. 183d; ἐπὶ τῆς ἀληθείας καὶ τοῦ πράγματος in truth and reality, D. 21.72; ἐπ’ ἀληθείᾳ for the sake of truth, A. Supp. 628, Ar. Pl. 891; also, according to truth and nature, Theoc. 7.44:—μετ’ ἀληθείας X. Mem. 2.1.27, D. 2.4:— κατὰ τὴν ἀ. Isoc. 1.2.46, etc.; κατ’ ἀλήθειον Arist. Pol. 1278b33, etc.:— ξὺν ἀληθείᾳ A. Ag. 1567:—πρὸς ἀλήθειαν D.S. 5.67, etc.

3. real war, opp. exercise or parade, Plb. 10.20.4,al.; ἐπ’ αὐτῆς τῆς ἀ. Id. 1.21.3.

4. true event, realization of dream or omen, Hdt. 3.64, Damon ap.Sch.Ar. Pl. 1003.

II. of persons, truthfulness, sincerity, Hdt. 1.55; ἀλαθείᾳ φρενῶν A. Ag. 1550, cf. Pl. R. 331c, Arist. EN 1108a20.

III. *)a. personified, Emp. 1, Parm. 1.29, etc.

IV. symbol of truth, jewel worn by Egyptian high-priest, D.S. 1.48,75, Ael. VH 14.34: of the Thummim, LXX Le. 8.8.