ἐπιβολή
ἡ
A.
throwing or laying on, ἱματίων Th. 2.49 (pl.); χειρῶν σιδηρῶν, of grappling-irons, Id. 7.62 (pl.); τῶν χρωμάτων Luc. Zeux. 5; σημείων affixing of seals, Id. Tim. 13; χειρῶν ἐπιβολαὶ ἐγίνοντο a fray arose, D.H. 10.33.
b.
. χειρῶν ἐπιβολή massage, Gal. 6.92; without χειρῶν, σκληρὰ ἐ. ib.101, cf. 176.
2.
. metaph., ἐ. τῆς διανοίας application of the mind to a thing, Epicur. Ep. 1pp.5,12 U.(pl.), Ph. 1.230 (pl.), Plot. 2.4.10; αἱ ἐ. τῶν νοημάτων Philostr. VS 2.18; ἐξ ἐπιβολῆς πάνυ very scrupulously, Antyll. ap. Orib. 45.25.5.
b.
. act of direct apprehension, Epicur. Ep. 1p.3U.: pl., ib.p.4U.; ἡ ἐκ τῶν ἐ. ταραχή Phld. D. 1.14; ἐπί τι Epicur. Fr. 255, cf.Plot. 1.6.2; intuition, [τῇ ψυχῇ] τὴν ἐπιβολὴν ἀθρόαν ἀθρόων γίνεσθαι Id. 4.4.1; [γνῶσις] ἐφάψεται τοῦ ἑνὸς κατὰ ἐπιβολήν Dam. Pr. 25 bis; opp.συλλογισμός, ibid.
c.
. conception, notion, Iamb. Comm. Math. 1, cf.9, Dam. Pr. 258 (pl.); point of view, ib.201, 396, al.; doctrine, ἡ τοῦ Συριανοῦ θαυμασία ἐ. ib.270: pl., principles, Ael. Tact. 21.1.
d.
. impulse, Stoic. 3.41, 149; ἐ. φιλοποιίας ib.96.
3.
. setting upon a thing, design, attempt, enterprise, v.l. in Th. 3.45: c. gen., ἡ ἐ. τῆς ἱστορίας writing history, Plb. 1.4.2; τῶν ὅλων acquisition of empire, Id. 1.3.6, cf.5.95.1; κατασκευασμάτων ἐπιβολαί designs, Plu. Per. 12; ἐξ ἐπιβολῆς designedly, D.S. 13.27.
b.
. of surgical operations, οὐδεμία ὄνησις τῆς ἐ. Philum. Ven. 4.7; μὴ κατακολουθεῖν ἀδυνάτοις ἐπιβολαῖς Hegetor ap.Apollon.Cit. 3.
4.
. hostile attempt, assault, Plb. 6.25.7 (pl.), cj. for ‐βουλάς in Th. 1.93.
5.
. application of name to thing, Procl. in Cra. p.109 P., al.
II.
. that which is laid on, ἐπιβολαὶ πλίνθων courses of bricks, Th. 3.20; βυρσῶν layers of hide, Luc. Nav. 4; superstructure, gallery, Ph. Bel. 80.36 (pl.); λεπιδοειδεῖς ἐπιβολαί the squamous commissures of the skull, Gal. 10.452.
2.
. penalty, fine, IG 12.84.29 (pl.), Ar. V. 769; ἐπιβολὴν ἐπιβάλλειν Lys. 20.14 (pl.), X. HG 1.7.2, etc.; ἐπιβολὰς ὀφλεῖν And. 1.73; ἡ ἐ. τῆς βουλῆς the penalty imposed by the council, Aeschin. 2.93; ἐξ ἐπιβολῆς in consequence of infliction of a fine, Lys. 6.21.
3.
. requisition, number of men required, Plb. 3.106.3; impost, public burden, Plu. Cat.Ma. 18 (pl.), cf. Procop. Arc. 23; τῆς λαογραφίας PTeb. 391.19 (i A.D.); requisition of corn, PFay. 81.9 (ii A.D.).
b.
. additional quantity, IG 22.1672.285,297.
c.
. κατ’ ἐπιβολήν τινος in proportion to . . , pro rata, CPR 28.17 (ii A.D.), etc.
III.
. a thing put over for shelter or protection, Thphr. CP 3.16.4.
2.
. ἐ. χώματος embankment, PPetr. 3p.80 (iii B.C.).
3.
. cloak, POxy. 298.9 (i A.D.), etc.
IV.
. Rhet., = ἐπαναφορά, Phoeb. Fig. 2.4, Rut.Lup.1.7.
2.
. introduction, approach to a subject, Hermog. Id. 1.3; ἐ. τοῦ ῥυθμοῦ ib.2.1.
3.
. power, `grasp', of style or treatment, χάρις καὶ ἐ. D.Chr. 18.14; general survey, consideration, Ptol. Tetr. 204; Ἀλεξάνδρου τὴν ἐν ταῖς παρατάξεσιν ἐ. Ael. Tact.Praef. 6.
4.
. `trimmings', ornament, τὸ ἀφαιρεῖν τὰς ἐ. καὶ αὐτοῖς χρῆσθαι τοῖς ὀνόμασι Aristid. Rh. p.522S.
V.
. in Alchemy, `projection', i.e. chemical reaction intended to produce transmutation, Syn.Alch.p.58B. (pl.).