ἐπιβάλλω

I. . trans., throw or cast upon, θριξὶ . . , ἃς ἐπέβαλλον (sc. πυρί) Il. 23.135; ἐπὶ δὲ χλαῖναν βάλεν αὐτῷ Od. 14.520, cf. 4.440; ἑωυτὸν ἐς τὸ πῦρ v.l. in Hdt. 7.107; φάρη κόραις E. El. 1221 (lyr.); ἐ. τινὰς ἐπὶ ἁμάξας Th. 4.48, cf.Hdt. 4.75,5.112; ἐπιβάλλοντας (sc. χοῦν) throwing on more and more, Th. 2.76.

2. . lay on, [ἡμιόνοις] ἐπέβαλλεν ἱμάσθλην Od. 6.320; ἐ. πληγάς τινι X. Lac. 2.8; Ζεὺς ἐπὶ χεῖρα βάλοι A. Ch. 395 (lyr.), cf.Ar. Nu. 933 (anap.); ἐ.τὴν χεῖρά τινι Id. Lys. 440 (but τῷ καρπῷ τοῦ νοσοῦντος τὴν χεῖρα, of feeling the pulse, Gal. 18(2).40; so τὴν ἁφήν Id. 8.821, Marcellin. Puls. 119); τὰς χεῖρας τοῖς κατ’ Αἴγαιον Plb. 3.2.8; Ῥωμαίοις Id. 18.51.8; ἐπί τινα Ev.Matt. 26.50; impose as a tax tribute, τινί τι Hdt. 1.106, Th. 8.108; as a fine or penalty, ζημίην, φυγὴν ἐ. τινί, Hdt. 6.92 (Pass.), 7.3; ἀργύριον Lys. 9.6; ἐπιβολάς Id. 20.14, cf. Arist. Ath. 61.2; λύτρα LXX Ex. 21.30 (Pass.); inflict, θνατοῖς ἐ. ἀνάλγητα, λύπην, etc., S. Tr. 128 (lyr.), E. Med. 1115 (anap.), etc.

3. . ἐ. σφρηγῖδα, δακτύλιον, affix a seal, Hdt. 3.128, 2.38; σφραγῖδ’ ἐπί τι Ar. Av. 559; σύμβολόν τινι ib.1215.

4. . add, contribute, μικρὸν [ἀληθεία] Arist. Metaph. 993b2; ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ ὕδωρ Thphr. Ign. 49; νέον [φῶς] Pl. Cra. 409b: metaph., throw in, mention, τι dub. in S. El. 1246 (lyr.) (in Med., "χαίρειν" τεοῖς προθύροις ἐπιβάλλομαι Theoc. 23.27); Φαῖστος . . ἐπιβάλλων φησί Sch.Pi. P. 4.28: abs., bid higher, Arist. Pol. 1259a14.

5. . place next in order, Plb. 1.26.15.

6. . let grow, κλήματα Thphr. HP 4.13.5; βλαστούς ib.3.5.1.

7. . let loose, πρόβατα ἐπὶ κνῆκον PRyl. 69.6 (i B.C.).

8. . causal of ἐπιβαίνω A. 111.3, D.Chr. 7.134.

II. . throw oneself upon, go straight towards, c. acc., ἡ δὲ Φεὰς ἐπέβαλλεν Od. 15.297: later c. dat. loci, Plb. 5.18.3, D.S. 1.30, Plot. 3.7.12, etc.; νήσοις Rhian. 39; εἰς Ιταλίαν, ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον, Plb. 2.24.17, 5.6.6, cf. PAmh. 2.31.5 (ii B.C.), etc.

2. . fall upon, ὅπου ἂν ὁ ἥλιος ἐ. Arist. HA 598a3; esp. in hostile sense, set upon, c.dat., ib.623b1, etc.; τοῖσ’ Αρβήλοις D.S. 17.64: abs., ἐ.ληστρικῷ τρόπῳ PRyl. 127.10 (i A.D.); ἐπιβάλλουσαι jostling, trampling, Pl. Phdr. 248a; sens. obsc., Ar. Av. 1216.

3. . (sc. τὸν νοῦν) set to a thing, devote oneself to it, c. dat., M.Ant. 10.30; τοῖς αὐλοῖς D.S. 3.59; τοῖς κοινοῖς πράγμασιν Plu. Cic. 4 (in full τὴν διάνοιαν ἐ. πρός τι D.S. 20.43): generally, give one's attention to, think on, Ev.Marc. 14.72.

b. . apprehend, Epicur. Fr. 423; attain by intuition, c.dat., Dam. Pr. 54.

4. . fall in one's way, ὅταν ἐπιβάλλῃ περὶ τῆς τοιαύτης πολιτείας ἡ σκέψις Arist. Pol. 1266a25; κατὰ τὸν ἐπιβάλλοντα λόγον Id. GA 716a3.

5. . follow, come next, Plb. 11.23.2; τισί Plu. Aem. 33; ἐφ’ ὃν ἐπιβαλὼν ἔφη said thereupon, Plb. 1.80.1; interrupt, ἀποκρινομένῳ Thphr. Char. 7.2.

6. . belong to, fall to the share of, μόριον ὅσον αὐτοῖσι ἐπέβαλλε Hdt. 7.23, cf. Diph. 43.16; εἰ μὴ τὸ ὅλον, μέρος γε , ἐπιβάλλει τῆς βλασφημίας ἅπασι D. 18.272; ὅσον ἐπιβάλλει αὐτοῖς Arist. Pol. 1260a19; ἑκάστῳ τῆς εὐδαιμονίας ἐπιβάλλει τοσοῦτον ὅσονπερ ἀρετῆς ib.1323b21; τῶν κτημάτων τὸ ἐπιβάλλον (sc. μέρος) the portion that falls to one, Hdt. 4.115, cf. LXX To. 3.17,6.12; so τὸ ἐ. ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς μέρος D. 18.254; τὸ ἐ. μέρος τῆς οὐσίας Ev.Luc. 15.12, cf. PGrenf. 1.33.33 (ii B.C.), etc.; fall due, of payments, PLond. 1.3.21 (ii B.C.); τόκον ὃν ἔφη ἐπιβάλλειν αὑτῷ which was payable by him, BCH 6.21 (Delos, ii B.C.).

b. . part. ἐπιβάλλων, in Law, next-of-kin, ὁ ἐ., οἱ ἐ., Leg.Gort. 7.36, 11.42, al.

7. . impers. c. acc. et inf., τοὺς Δελφοὺς δὴ ἐπέβαλλε . . παρασχεῖν it concerned them to provide, Hdt. 2.180: or c. dat. et inf., ἐπιβάλλει τινὶ ποιεῖν τι Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.39,al., Plb. 18.51.1; ἐπιβάλλοντος ἡμῖν εὐεργετικοῖς εἶναι Corn. ND 15; κοινῇ πᾶσιν ἐπιβάλλει UPZ 112.10 (ii B.C.); καθότι ἐπέβαλλεν ἀνδρὶ καλῷ καὶ ἀγαθῷ IG 12(7).231.5 (Amorgos): freq. in part., ἐπιβάλλουσαν ἡγεῖσθαι τὴν στρατείαν τινί incumbent upon.., Teles p.61 H.; τὸ ἐπιβάλλον Cleanth.Stoic. 1.128, Arr. Epict. 2.11.3, etc.; τὰς ‐ούσας τάσεις τῆς φωνῆς Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.96; τὸ τῇ φύσει ἐ. Antip.Stoic. 3.255; appropriate, ὑποδοχαί Telesp.41 H.; ἰήματα IG 22.1121.15; ἁρμονία Iamb. Comm. Math. 30; ἡ στέρησις ἐπιβάλλοντός ἐστι παρεῖναι εἴδους τινός a specific form which ought to be present, Plot. 1.8.11.

8. . shut to, close, of the larynx, Arist. PA 664b26.

9. . in Logic, λόγοι ἐπιβάλλοντες, ‐όμενοι, overlapping and overlapped, of syllogisms in a sorites, Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.85; so of Time, ἐπέβαλε τοῖς χρόνοις Ἰουλιανῷ Eun. VS p.497 B.:—Med., γηραιῷ τῷ Κυρηναίῳ ἐπεβάλετο Anon. Intr.Arat. p.326M.

10. . in Alchemy, make a `projection' (cf. ἐπιβολή), Syn.Alch.p.68B.

III. . Med., mostly like the intr. usages, but also:

1. . c. gen., throw oneself upon, desire eagerly, ἐνάρων ἐπιβαλλόμενος Il. 6.68; παρθενίας ἐπιβάλλομαι Sapph. 102; τοῦ εὖ ζῆν ἐπιβάλλονται Arist. Pol. 1258a3.

2. . c. acc., put upon oneself, ἐπιβαλλομέναν . . πλόκον ἀνθέων E. Med. 840; ἐπιβάλλεσθαι put on more wraps, Thphr. Char. 2.10 (cf. IV. 1); ὕπνον ἡδὺν ‐όμενος D.Chr. 12.51: metaph., take possession of, καὶ ἐπὶ κλήρους ἐβάλοντο Od. 14.209; αὐθαίρετον δουλείαν ἐπιβαλεῖται will take upon himself, Th. 6.40.

b. . of trees, make fresh growth, Thphr. HP 3.5.1.

3. . c.acc., also, attempt, undertake, ἔργον Pl. Sph. 264b, Ti. 48c; μέθοδον Arist. Pol. 1260b36: c.inf., Decr. ap. D. 18.164, Zeno Stoic. 1.68, Plb. 1.43.2, etc.: abs., πολλῶν ‐ημένων though many have made the attempt, Agatharch. 76.

4. . c. dat., put one's hand to, ἐχέτλῃ AP 7.650 (Phal.(?)): metaph., apply or devote oneself to, τόλμῃ καὶ πράξει Plb. 5.81.1; ἐγχειρήματι μεγάλῳ D.H. 5.25, etc.

5. . arrive at, [πολίεσσι] Call. Del. 68; ὅταν ἐπὶ τοὺς χρόνους ἐπιβαλώμεθα D.S. 19.55.

6. . ἐπὶ πᾶσι ‐εβάλοντο brought up the rear, Id. 18.33.

IV. . in Pass., lie upon, be put upon, ἐπιβεβλημένοι τοξόται archers with their arrows on the string, X. An. 4.3.28, cf. 5.2.12; λάσιον ἐπιβεβλημένος having a rough cloak on, Theopomp.Com. 36; τὸ ἐν ψύχει κεῖσθαι ‐ημένον Hp. Epid. 2.3.1, cf. 6.4.14; διφθέραν ‐ημένη D.Chr. 5.25.

2. . to be set over, ὁ τελώνης ὁ ἐπιβεβλημένος τῷ Ζεύγματι Philostr. VA 1.20.

3. . Rhet., ornate (v. ἐπιβολή), ἰδέα λόγων οὔτ’ ἐπιβεβλημένη οὔτ’ αὖος Id. VS 1.20.2.