αἱρέω

A. ᾕρεον Il. 24.579, Ion. αἵρεον Hdt. 6.31, but contr. ᾕρει even in Il. 17.463, ᾕρευν Hes. Sc. 302: fut. αἱρήσω Il. 9.28, etc.: aor. 1 ᾕρησα late (ἀν‐) Q.S. 4.40, etc.: pf. ᾕρηκα A. Ag. 267, Th. 1.61, etc., Ion. ἀραίρηκα or αἵρηκα(ἀν‐) Hdt. 5.102: plpf. ἀραιρήκεε 3.39:—Med., fut. αἱρήσομαι Il. 10.235, etc.: aor. 1 ᾑρησάμην Plb. 38.13.7 s. v.l., Gal. 19.53, etc.: pf. in med. sense ᾕρημαι Ar. Av. 1577, X. An. 5.6.12, D. 2.15, etc.: 3 pl. plpf. ᾕρηντο Th. 1.62:—Pass., fut. αἱρεθήσομαι Hdt. 2.13, Pl. Mx. 234b; rarely ᾑρήσομαι Id. Prt. 338c: aor. ᾑρέθην and pf. ᾕρημαι D. 20.146, al.; pf. part. ἀραιρημένος Hdt. 4.66: plqf. ᾕρηντο X. An. 3.2.1, ἀραίρητο Hdt. 1.191, etc.—From [root ]ἑλ‐: fut. ἑλῶ only late (δι‐) Test.Epict. 6.18, (ἀν‐) D.H. 11.18, (καθ‐) APl. 4.334 (Antiphil.): aor.1 εἷλα(ἀν‐) Act.Ap. 2.23, (ἀν‐) Epigr.Gr. 314.24 (Smyrna): elsewh.aor.2 εἷλον Il. 10.561, etc., Ep. ἕλον 17.321, Ion. ἕλεσκε 24.752:— Med., fut. ἑλοῦμαι D.H. 4.75, (ἀφ‐) Timostr. 5, (δι‐) D.H. 4.60, (ἐξ‐) Alciphr. 1.9: aor. 1 εἱλάμην Epigr.Gr. 314.5 (Smyrna), (ἀφ‐) v.l. in Ath. 12.546a, (δι‐) AP 9.56 (Phil.): elsewh. aor. 2 εἱλόμην Il. 16.139, etc., 2 sg. ἤλεο Sapph. Oxy. 1787.6.3:—Cret. forms αἰλεθῇ Leg.Gort. 2.21, ἀν‐αιλῆθαι ib.7.10, al.:—the etym. is doubtful, and ἀγρέω (q.v.) prob. has a difft. root.

A. Act., take with the hand, grasp, seize, αἱ. τι ἐν χερσίν Od. 4.66; αἱ. τινὰ χειρός to take one by the hand, Il. 1.323; κόμης τινά ib.197; μ’ ἑλὼν ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσίν Od. 23.76: part. ἑλών adverbially, κατακτεῖναί μ’ ἑλών S. Ant. 497; ἄξω ἑλών Il. 1.139, cf. Pi. O. 7.1; but ἔνθεν ἑλών having taken up [the song], Od. 8.500.

2. take away, ἀπ’ ἀπήνης ᾕρεον ἄποινα Il. 24.579.

II. take, get into one's power, νῆας ib.13.42; esp. take a city, 2.37, S. Ph. 347, etc.; overpower, kill, Il. 4.457, etc.; ἕλοιμί κεν ἤ κε ἁλοίην 22.253:—freq. of passions, etc., come upon, seize, χόλος Il. 18.322; ἵμερος 3.446; ὕπνος 10.193; λήθη 2.34, etc.: c. dupl.acc., τὸν δ’ ἄτη φρένας εἷλε 16.805; of disease, Pl. Tht. 142b.

2. catch, take, ζωὸν ἑλεῖν Il. 21.102; take in hunting, Hes. Sc. 302, Hdt. 1.36, etc.; overtake, in a race, Il. 23.345; get into one's power, entrap, S. OC 764, etc.; in good sense, win over, X. Mem. 2.3.16, cf. 3.11.11, Pl. Ly. 205e, etc.

b. c. part., catch, detect one doing a thing, S. Ant. 385,655; ἐπ’ αὐτοφώρῳ ἑλεῖν E. Ion 1214; φῶρα ἐπὶ κλοπῇ ἑλεῖν Pl. Lg. 874b.

3. generally, win, gain, κῦδος Il. 17.321; στεφάνους Pi. P. 3.74, etc.; esp. in games, Ἴσθμῑ ἑλὼν πύξ Simon. 158; with double sense, overcome and win, ἑλέτην δίφρον τε καὶ ἀνέρε Il. 11.328; ἕλεν Οἰνομάου βίαν παρθένον τε σύνευνον Pi. O. 1.88, cf. S. Tr. 353:— Pass., ἁγὼν ᾑρέθη the fight was won, S. OC 1148.

b. generally, get, obtain, Pl. R. 359a, Ti. 64b, etc.

4. as law-term, convict, τινά τινος Ar. Nu. 591, Is. 9.36, Aeschin. 3.156; εἷλέ σ’ ἡ Δίκη E. Heracl. 941, cf. Supp. 608: c. part., αἱ. τινὰ κλέπτοντα to convict of theft, Ar. Eq. 829, Pl. Lg. 941d; ᾑρῆσθαι κλοπεύς (sc. ὤν) S. Ant. 493, cf. 406.

b. αἱ. δίκην, γραφήν get a verdict for conviction, Antipho 2.1.5, etc.; also ἑλεῖν τινα obtain a conviction against one, Is. 7.13; ἑλεῖν τὰ διαμαρτυρηθ έντα convict the evidence of falsehood, Isoc. 18.15.

c. abs., get a conviction, οἱ ἑλόντες, opp. οἱ ἑαλωκότες, D. 21.11; δολίοις ἕλε Κύπρις λόγοις Aphrodite won her cause . . , E. Andr. 289, cf. Pl. Lg. 762b, etc.

d. of a thing or circumstances which convict, τοῦτ’ ἔστιν ὃ ἐμὲ αἱρεῖ Id. Ap. 28a.

5. ὁ λόγος αἱρέει reason or the reason of the thing proves, Hdt. 2.33: c. acc. pers., reason persuades one, i.e. it seems good to one, Id. 1.132, 7.41; ὡς ἐμὴ γνώμη αἱ. Hdt. 2.43; ὅπῃ ὁ λόγος αἱ. βέλτιστ’ ἂν ἔχειν Pl. R. 604c, cf. Lg. 663d: c. inf., R. 440b; ὁ αἱρῶν λόγος Chrysipp.Stoic. 3.92; αἱρεῖ alone, proves, Plu. 2.651b.

b. τὸ αἱροῦν the sum due, PRyl. 167.25 (i A. D.); τὰ αἱροῦντα [τάλαντα] PGrenf. 2.23.14 (ii B. C.), PRyl. 88.19 (ii A. D.).

III. grasp with the mind, understand, Pl. Phlb. 17e, 20d, Plt. 282d.

B. Med., with pf. ᾕρημαι (v. supr.), take for oneself, ἔγχος ἑλέσθαι take one's spear, Il. 16.140, etc.; ἐκ γαίας λίθον A. Fr. 199; δόρπον, δεῖπνον take one's supper, Il. 7.370, 2.399; πειν δ’ οὐκ εἶχεν ἑλέσθαι Od. 11.584; Τρωσὶν . . ὅρκον ἑλ. obtain it from . . , Il. 22.119; and so in most senses of the Act., with the reflexive force added.

II. take to oneself, choose, ἕταρον Il. 10.235, cf. 9.139, Od. 16.149, etc.; prefer, τι πρό τινος Hdt. 1.87; τι ἀντί τινος X. An. 1.7.3, D. 2.15; τί τινος S. Ph. 1101, cf. Theoc. 11.49.

b. c. inf., prefer to do, Hdt. 1.11, etc.; ἑλέσθαι μᾶλλον τεθνάναι X. Mem. 1.2.16, cf. Pl. Ap. 38e; μᾶλλον ἂν ἕλοιτό μ’ ἢ τοὺς πάντας Ἀργείους λαβεῖν S. Ph. 47: without μᾶλλον, Pi. N. 10.59, Lys. 2.62.

c. αἱ. εἰ . . to be content if., AP 12.68 (Mel.).

2. αἱ. τά τινων take another's part, join their party, Th. 3.63, etc.; αἱ. γνώην to adopt an opinion, Hdt. 4.137.

3. choose by vote, elect to an office, αἱ. τινὰ δικαστήν, στρατηγόν, etc., Id. 1.96, Eup. 117, etc.; τινὰς ἀριστίνδην Lex ap.D. 43.57; αἱ. τινὰ ἐπ’ ἀρχήν Pl. Men. 90b; αἱ. τινὰ ἄρχειν Id. Ap. 28e, cf. Il. 2.127.

C. Pass., to be taken, Hdt. 1.185, 191, 9.102; more commonly ἁλίσκομαι.

2. v. supr. A. 11.3.

II. Pass. to med. sense, to be chosen, in pf. ᾕρημαι A. Ag. 1209, etc.; Ion. ἀραίρημαι Hdt. 7.118, 172,173, al.; στρατηγεῖν ᾑρημένος X. Mem. 3.2.1; ἐπ’ ἀρχῆς ᾑρῆσθαι ib.3.3.2; ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν παίδων ἀρχήν Pl. Lg. 809a; τοῦ ἔτους . . ᾑρημένοι elected for the year . . , IGRom. 3.1422 (Bithyn.):—aor. ᾑρέθην is always so used, A. Th. 505, Ar. Av. 799, Th. 7.31, etc.; pres. rarely, αἱροῦνται πρεσβευταί are chosen, Arist. Pol. 1299a19, cf. And. 4.16.