Ἅιδης

A. ao and εω; Dor. Αΐδας, α, used by Trag., in lyr.and anap.: gen. /Αϊδος, dat. /Αϊδι, Hom., Trag., v. infr.: (perh. ἀ‐ priv., ἰδεῖν):—in Hom. only as pr.n. Hades, Ζεὺς καὶ ἐγώ, τρίτατος δ’ Αΐδης Il. 15.188, cf.Hes. Th. 455:—εἰν’ Αΐδαο δόμοισι in the nether world, Od. 4.834; freq. εἰν, εἰς Αΐδαο (sc. δόμοις, δόμους), as Il. 22.389, 21.48; εἰν Ἄϊδος Il 24.593; Trag. and Att. ἐν Ἅιδου, εἰς Ἅιδου (sc. οἴκῳ, οἶκον), S. Aj. 865, Ar. Ra. 69, etc.; Ἄϊδόσδε, Adv. to the nether world, Il. 7.330, etc.; παρ’ Ἅιδῃ, παρ’ Ἅιδην, OT 972, OC 1552:—hence,

2. place of departed spirits, first in Il. 23.244 εἰσόκεν αὐτὸς . . Ἄϊδι κεύθωμαι; ἐπὶ τὸν ᾅδην Luc. Cat. 14; εἰς ἀΐδην AP 11.23; ἐν τῷ ᾅδῃ Ev.Luc. 16.23.

II. after Hom., the grave, death, ἀΐδαν λαγχάνειν, δέξασθαι, Pi. P. 5.96, I. 6(5).15; ᾅδης πόντιος death by sea, A. Ag. 667, cf. E. Alc. 13, Hipp. 1047; ᾅδου πύλη, Astrol., region below the Horoscope, Vett.Val. 179.13.

2. gen. ᾅδου with nouns in adjectival sense, devilish, θύουσαν ᾅ. μητέρ’ A. Ag. 1235; ᾅ. μάγειρος E. Cyc. 397; fatal, deadly, δίκτυον, ξίφη ᾅ., A. Ag. 1115, E. Or. 1399. [α Hom. in all forms exc. αιδος before vowels; αιδης Semon. 7.117, prob. in S. OC 1689.]