γῆ

A. γαῖν A. Pers. 736: pl. rare, γαῖ Arist. Pr. 934b9, γέαι SIG 279.40 (Zelea), etc., AP 9.430 (Crin.): gen. γεῶν Hdt. 4.198, GDI 5755.14 (Mylasa); γῶν BGU 993 iii 10 (ii B. C.): acc. γέας [Democr.] 299, SIG 46.3 (Halic.), γᾶς PTeb. 6.31 (ii B. C.), Str. 2.5.26; Cypr. ζᾶς Inscr.Cypr. 135.30 H.: dat. pl. γέαις prob. in CIG 2693f9 (Mylasa), LW 415.9 (ibid.):—earth (including land and sea, Sapph. Supp. 5.2) opp. heaven, or land opp. sea, Γῆ τε καὶ Ἠέλιος καὶ Ἐρινύες Il. 19.259, cf. 3.104; τίς γῆ; Od. 13.233; γῆς περίοδοι Hdt. 4.36, Arist. Mete. 362b12, title of work by Hecat.: personified, Il. l.c., A. Th. 69, Pers. 629, etc.; κατὰ γῆν on land, by land, opp. ναυσί, Th. 1.18; opp. ἐκ θαλάσσης, Id. 2.81; κατὰ γῆν στέλλεσθαι X. An. 5.6.5, etc.; ἐπὶ γῆς on earth, opp. νέρθε, S. OT 416; κατὰ γῆς below the earth, A. Ch. 377,475, etc.; κάτω γῆς S. OT 968; ὑπὸ γῆς Id. Fr. 572; γᾶς ὑπένερθε Pi. Fr. 292: gen. with local Adverbs, ἵνα γῆς E. Andr. 168; ποῦ, ποῖ, ὅποι γ., S. OT 108, Ph. 1211, El. 922; ὅπου γ. Ar. Av. 9.

2. earth, as an element, Xenoph. 27, Anaxag. 4, Pl. Prt. 320d, Lg. 889b, Arist. Metaph. 989a5, Cael. 306a18, etc.

b. γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ αἰτεῖν, as tokens of submission, Hdt. 5.18, Lycurg. 71; γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ διδόναι Hdt. 5.18, al.

II. land, country, καὶ γῆν καὶ πόλιν A. Eu. 993; γῆν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνεσθαι, διώκειν, from land to land, Id. Pr. 682, Ar. Ach. 235; ἡ ἁγία γῆ LXX Wi. 12.3; one's native land, Tyrt. 12.33, Thgn. 1213, A. Supp. 890 (lyr.), S. OC 441, E. Ph. 1090; freq. omitted with art., ἐκ τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ (sc. γῆς)δραπέτας Id. Heracl. 140, etc.

2. freq. in Trag., city, αὐτός τε καὶ γῆ δορὶ πεσοῦσ’ Ἑλληνικῷ Id. Tr. 868.

III. the earth or ground as tilled, ἄροτον γῆς S. OT 270; γᾶ φθίνουσα ib.665, etc.; τὴν γῆν ἐργάζεσθαι, θεραπεύειν, till the ground, Pl. R. 420e, X. Oec. 5.12; τὰ ἐκ τῆς γῆς φυόμενα Id. Mem. 4.3.10.

2. estate, farm, γῆν πρίασθαι Lys. 32.23; ἐπὶ γῇ δανείζειν lend on mortgage, D. 36.6.

IV. of particular kinds of earth or minerals, e.g. fuller's earth. Thphr. Char. 10.14, cf. Gal. 12.168; Κιμωλία γ. Ar. Ra. 712, cf. Hp. Mul. 2.189.