ἀφίημι

A. ἀφίης Pl. Phlb. 50d, etc., 3 sg. ἀφίησι, also ἀφίει, Ion. ἀπίει Hdt. 2.96, 1 pl. ἀφίεμεν Ar. Nu. 1426; imper. ἀφίει Id. V. 428: impf. ἀφίειν, with double augm. ἠφίειν Pl. Euthd. 293a; 3 sg. ἀφίει Il. 1.25, IG 22.777.15, D. 6.20, Ion. ἀπίει Hdt. 4.157, ἠφίει Th. 2.49, Pl. Ly. 222b, ἤφιε Ev.Marc. 11.16; 2 pl. ἀφίετε D. 23.188; 3 pl. ἀφίεσαν E. Heracl. 821, Th. 2.76, D. 21.79, etc., ἠφίεσαν X. HG 4.6.11, ἠφίουν Is. 6.40 (dub.): fut. ἀφήσω Il. 2.263, etc., Ion. ἀπ‐ Hdt. 7.193: pf. ἀφεῖκα X. An. 2.3.13, D. 56.26: aor. I ἀφῆκα, Ion. ἀπ‐, Ep. ἀφέηκα, used in ind. only, Il. 23.841, etc.: aor. 2 ind. only in dual and pl., ἀφέτην, ἀφεῖμεν, ἀφεῖτε or ἄφετε, ἀφεῖσαν or ἄφεσαν; imper. ἄφες, subj. ἀφῶ, opt. αφείην (2 pl. ἀφεῖτε Th. 1.139), inf. ἀφεῖναι, part. ἀφείς:—Med., ἀφίεμαι, Ion. ἀπίεμαι, Hdt. 3.101, Th. 2.60, etc.: impf. 3 sg. ἀφίετο Od. 23.240, D. 25.47: fut. ἀφήσομαι E. Hel. 1629: aor. 2 ἀφείμην X. Hier. 7.11; imper. ἀφοῦ, ἄφεσθε, S. OT 1521, Ar. Ec. 509; inf. ‐έσθαι Isoc. 6.83, part. ‐έμενος Pl. R. 354b; Arc.inf. ἀφεῶσθαι SIG 306.19(Tegea, iv B. C.):—Pass., pf. ἀφεῖμαι S. Ant. 1165, Pl. Lg. 635a; inf. ἀφεῖσθαι SIG 577.77 (Milet., iii/ii B. C.): plpf. 2 sg. ἀφεῖσο Men. Epit. 572: rarer pf. 3 pl. ἀφέωνται Ev.Jo. 20.23, imper. ἀφεώσθω IG 5(2).6.14: aor. ἀφείθην E. Ph. 1377, ἀφέθην Batr. 87, Ion. ἀπείθην Hdt. 6.112; later Aeol. inf. ἀφέθην Milet. 3 No.152.34 (ii B. C.): fut. ἀφεθήσομαι Pl. R. 472a, etc. [ι mostly in Ep. (except in augm. tenses): ι always in Att. Hom. also has ἀφιετε, metri gr., Od. 7.126]:—send forth, discharge, of missiles, ἔγχος, δίσκον ἀφῆκεν, Il. 10.372, 23.432; ἀφῆκ’ ἀργῆτα κεραυνόν 8.133; ἀπῆκε βέλος Hdt. 9.18, etc.: hence in various senses, ἀ. ἑαυτὸν ἐπί τι throw oneself upon, give oneself up to it, Pl. R. 373d; ἀ. αὑτὸν εἰς τὴν πολιτείαν Plu. Alc. 13; ἀ. γλῶσσαν let loose one's tongue, make utterance, Hdt. 2.15, E. Hipp. 991; ἀ. φθογγήν ib.418; ἔπος S. OC 731; φωνάς D. 18.218; γόους E. El. 59 (v. infr. 11.2); ἀρὰς ἀφῆκας παιδί Id. Hipp. 1324; ἀ. θυμὸν ἔς τινας give vent to . . (v. infr. 11.2), S. Ant. 1088; ὀργὴν εἴς τινα vent upon . . , D. 22.58; ἀ. δάκρυα shed tears, Aeschin. 3.153; ἀ. παντοδαπὰ χρώματα change colour in all ways, Pl. Ly. 222b; freq.of liquids, etc., emit, ἀ. τὸ ὑγρόν, τὸν θολόν, τὸ σπέρμα, etc., Arist. HA 487a18, 524a12, 489a9; ἀ. τὸ ᾠόν, τὸ κύημα, ib.568b30, a22; of plants, ἄνθος ἀφιεῖσαι putting forth, Od. 7.126, cf. Thphr. HP 7.7.3; of a spider, ἀ. ἀράχνιον Arist. HA 555b5; ἱδρῶτα Plu. Mar. 26; put forth, produce, καρπόν Thphr. HP 3.4.5; φύλλον ib. 6.5.1 (but ἀ. σπέρμα leave issue, Ev.Marc. 12.22):—Pass., to be emitted, Il. 4.77 (tm.); of troops, to be let go, launched against the enemy, Hdt. 6.112.

2. let fall from one's grasp, Il. 12.221; opp. κατέχω, Plu. 2.508d; πόντιον ἀ. τινά E. Hec. 797.

3. give up or hand over to, τὴν Ἰωνίην τοῖσι βαρβάροισι Hdt. 9.106; ἐχθροῖς αἶαν A. Th. 306; ἀ. τινὰ δημόσια εἶναι Th. 2.13:—Pass., ἡ Ἀττικὴ ἀπεῖτο ἤδη Hdt. 8.49.

II. send away,

1. of persons, κακῶς ἀφίει Il. 1.25; αὐτὸν δὲ κλαίοντα . . ἀφήσω 2.263.

b. let go, loose, set free, ζωόν τινα ἀ. 20.464; let loose, βοῦς Hdt. 4.69; περιστεράς Alex. 62.3; ἀ. Αἴγιναν αὐτόνομον Th. 1.139; ἀ. ἐλεύθερον, ἀζήμιον, Pl. R. 591a, Lg. 765c; τινὰς ἀφορολογήτους Plb. 18.46.5; ἀφέντ’ ἐᾶν τινα S. Aj. 754, cf. E. Fr. 463; ἐς οἴκους, ἐκ γῆς, S. OT 320, E. IT 739: c. acc. pers. et gen. rei, release from a thing, ἀποικίης Hdt. 4.157: in legal sense, acquit of a charge or engagement, φόνου τινα D. 37.59 (abs., ἐὰν αἰδέσηται καὶ ἀφῇ ibid.); συναλλαγμάτων Id. 33.12: c. acc. only, acquit, Antipho 2.1.2, etc. (v. infr. 2 c):—Pass., κινδύνου ἀφιέμενοι Th. 4.106; τοὺς γέροντας τοὺς ἀφειμένους released from duty, Arist. Pol. 1275a15; ἐγκλημάτων ἀφεῖσο Men. Epit. 572.

c. let go, dissolve, disband, of an army or fleet, Hdt. 1.77, etc.; dismiss, δικαστήρια (opp. λύειν ἐκκλησίαν) Ar. V. 595.

d. put away, divorce, γυναῖκα Hdt. 5.39; ἀ. γάμους break off a marriage, E. Andr. 973; ἀ. τὸν υἱόν disown him, Arist. EN 1163b22 (but with metaph. from releasing a debtor).

e. dedicate, τὰ νεογνὰ τῷ θεῷ X. Cyn. 5.14; ἱερὸν . . ἄβατον ἀφεῖτο Pl. Criti. 116c.

2. of things, get rid of, ἀφέτην πολυκαγκέα δίψαν Il. 11.642; ἀφίει μένος [ἔγχεος] slackened its force, 13.444; ἀ. ὀργήν put away wrath (v. supr. 1.1), A. Pr. 317; ὀργήν τινι Arr. An. 1.10.6; γόους (v. supr. 1.1) E. Or. 1022; νόσημα Hp. Prorrh. 2.39; ἀ. πνεῦμα, ψυχήν, give up the ghost, E. Hec. 571, Or. 1171: in Prose, give up, leave off, μόχθον Hdt. 1.206; ξυμμαχίαν, σπονδάς, Th. 5.78, 115, etc.:—Med., ἀ. τὸ προλέγειν D.S. 19.1.

b. ἀ. πλοῖον ἐς . . loose ship for a place, Hdt. 5.42.

c. in legal sense (v. supr. Ib), c. dat. pers. et acc. rei, ἀ. τινὶ αἰτίην remit him a charge, Id. 6.30; τὰς ἁμαρτάδας Id. 8.140.β’, cf.Ev.Matt. 6.12, al.; τὰς δίκας . . ἀφίεσαν τοῖς ἐπιτρόποις D. 21.79; ἀ. τινὶ εἰς ἐλευθερίαν χιλίας δραχμάς Id. 59.30, cf.IG 22.43; ἀ. πληγάς τινι excuse him a flogging, Ar. Nu. 1426; ἀ. ὅρκον Jusj. in Lexap.And. 1.98; φόρον Plb. 21.24.8 (Pass.); δάνειόν τινι Ev.Matt. 18.27.

III. leave alone, pass by, Hdt. 3.95, etc.; neglect, τὰ θεῖα S. OC 1537; τὸν καιρόν D. 1.8; λέκτρων εὐνάς A. Pers. 544: folld. by a predicate, ἀφύλακτον ἀ. τὴν ἑωυτῶν leave unguarded, Hdt. 8.70; ἄτιμον, ἔρημον ἀ. τινά, S. OC 1279, Ant. 887; ἀ. τινὰς ὀρφανούς Ev.Jo. 14.18; ἀ. τι ἀόριστον Arist. Pol. 1265a39; leave, περὶ κινήσεως, ὅθεν ὑπάρχει, τοῖς ἄλλοις ἀφεῖσαν Id. Metaph. 985b20, cf. 987b14:—Pass., esp. in pf. imper., ἀφείσθω ἐπὶ τοῦ παρόντος missum fiat, Id. EN 1166a34, cf. Pol. 1286a5, 1289b12.

2. c. acc. et inf., ἀ. τὸ πλοῖον φέρεσθαι let the boat be carried away, Hdt. 1.194; μὴ ἀφεῖναί με ἐπὶ ξένης ἀδιαφορηθῆναι PLond. 2.144.14 (i A. D.).

IV. c. acc. pers. et inf., suffer, permit one to do a thing, ἀ. τινὰ ἀποπλέειν Hdt. 3.25, cf. 6.62, al., etc.: with inf. understood, ἡνίκα προῖκ’ ἀφιᾶσιν (sc. θεᾶσθαι)οἱ θεατρῶναι Thphr. Char. 30.6: c. subj., ἄφες ἐκβάλω Ev.Matt. 7.4, cf. Arr. Epict. 1.9.15; ἄφες ἐγὼ θρηνήσω POxy. 413.184 (i A. D.); ἄφες ἵνα . . Arr. Epict. 4.13.19; οὐκ ἤφιεν ἵνα . . Ev.Marc. 11.16:—Pass., ἀφείθη σχολάζειν Arist. Metaph. 981b24.

V. seemingly intr. (sc. στρατόν, ναῦς, etc.), break up, march, sail, etc., Hdt. 7.193; ἀ. ἐς τὸ πέλαγος Th. 7.19; cf. 11.2b.

2. c. inf., give up doing, ἀφεὶς σκοπεῖν τὰ δίκαια Diph. 94.

B. Med., send forth from oneself, much like Act.; θορήν Hdt. 3.101.

2. loose something of one's own from, δειρῆς δ’ οὔ πω . . ἀφίετο πήχεε λευκώ she loosed not her arms from off my neck, Od. 23.240.

3. freq. in Att. c. gen. only, τέκνων ἀφοῦ let go of the children ! S. OT 1521; τοῦ κοινοῦ τῆς σωτηρίας ἀ. Th. 2.60; λόγων Pl. Grg. 458c, Aeschin. 1.178; μὴ ἀφίεσο τοῦ Θεαιτήτου, ἀλλ’ ἐρώτα Pl. Tht. 146b, etc.; ἀφεῖσθαι τοῦ δικαίου τούτου D. 37.1; ἀφέμενος τῆς ἰαμβικῆς ἰδέας Arist. Po. 1449b8.