ἄρθρον

A. joint, Emp. 17.22, etc.; ἄρθρων πόνοι Hp. Aph. 3.31, al.; ἅπαν κατ’ ἄρθρον S. Tr. 769; κρᾶτα καὶ ἄρθρα the head and joints of the neck, Id. Ph. 1208 (lyr., codd.); esp. the socket of the ankle-joint, ὁ ἀστράγαλος ἐξεχώρησε ἐκ τῶν ἄ. Hdt. 3.129; in Hp. Art. I, al., ball of a joint, opp. socket (κοτύλη), cf. Gal. 18(2).487 (but socket in Hp. Loc.Hom. 6); μάρψας ποδός νιν ἄρθρον ᾗ λυγίζεται S. Tr. 779, cf. Ph. 1202 (lyr.).

2. generally, of limbs, etc., esp. in pl., ἄ. ποδοῖν the ankles, Id. OT 718, cf. 1032; of the legs, βραδύπουν ἤλυσιν ἄρθρων προτιθεῖσα E. Hec. 67 (lyr.); ἄ. τῶν κύκλων eyes, S. OT 1270; ἄ. στόματος the mouth, E. Cyc. 625; θέναρ διῃρημένον ἄρθροις lines, Arist. HA 493b33; τὰ ἄ. alone, genitals, Hdt. 3.87, 4.2, Arist. HA 504b23, al; τὰ ἐντὸς ἄ. the internal organs, Mnesith. ap. Orib. 8.38.7: metaph., ἄ. τᾶν φρενῶν Epich. 250: in sg., ἄρθρον τῆς φωνῆς vocal articulation, Arist. HA 536a3.

II. Gramm., connecting word, Id. Po. 1457a6; esp. of the article, Id. Rh.Al. 1435a35, Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.45, D.H. Th. 37, al.