φαῦλος

A. cheap, easy, slight, paltry, first found commonly in E., twicein Hdt. 1.26, 126(Comp., elsewh.φλαῦρος), six times in Democr. Fr. 87, al., twice in S. Frr. 41,771: Adv. φαύλως once in A.: A. Pers. 520.

I. of things, easy, slight, φ. ἀθλήσας πόνον E. Supp. 317; φαυλότατον ἔργον ''tis as easy as lying', Ar. Eq. 213; φ. πρᾶγμα Id. Lys. 14; τὸ ζήτημα οὐ φ. Pl. R. 368c; φ. ἐρώτημα Id. Phlb. 19a; φαῦλον αὐτοῖς προστάξομεν Id. R. 423c: freq. with negat., οὐ φ., ἀλλὰ χαλεπὸν πιστεῦσαι ib.527d; μάχη οὐ φ. Id. Tht. 179d; οὐ φ. τέχνη Id. Sph. 223c; οὔτοι βασιλέα φαῦλόν [ἐστι] κτανεῖν 'tis no slight matter to kill a king, E. El. 760; νυκτὸς γὰρ οὔτι φ. ἐμβαλεῖν στρατόν no easy matter, Id. Rh. 285; οὐ φ. πληγαί D. 54.13; φιλοῦσιν ἰατροὶ λέγειν τὰ φαῦλα μείζω Men. 497; φαῦλα ἐπιφέρειν bring paltry charges, Hdt. 1.26; τὰ φ. νικήσας ἔχω have gained petty victories, S. Fr. 41 (wrongly glossed by μέγα in Phot., Suid., and EM 789.43, cf. Hsch); σύμμαχον Τροίᾳ μολόντα Ῥῆσον οὐ φαύλῳ τρόπῳ, i. e. with no trivial force, E. Rh. 599; παρὰ φαῦλον ποιεῖσθαί τι D.H. Rh. 4.2, cf. Lib. Or. 14.26. Adv. ‐λως εὑρεῖν, τυχεῖν, Ar. Eq. 404 (troch.), 509 (anap.); φ. πάνυ Id. Lys. 566 (anap.); φ. ἐκφυγεῖν to get off easily, Id. Ach. 215 (lyr.); φ. ἀποδράς Id. Th. 711 (lyr.); φαυλότατα καὶ ῥᾷστα Id. Nu. 778; οὔτι φαύλως ἦλθε with no trivial force, E. Ph. 112; φ. βοηθήσειν D. 15.13; φαύλως καὶ γλίσχρως παρείχοντο χρήματα Hell.Oxy. 14.2; τὰς ἐλπίδας φ. ἔχειν to be slight, Hdn. 1.3.1.

2. simple, ordinary, δίαιτα Hp. Fract. 36, Art. 49, Eur.Fr. 213.4; σῖτα καὶ ποτὰ φαυλότατα X. Mem. 1.6.2, cf. Hp. Vict. 3.68 (Comp.); but freq. with sense poor, indifferent, στρατιά Th. 6.21; ἀσπίδες, τείχισμα, παρασκευή, Id. 4.9.115, 6.31; ἱμάτιον X. l. c. Adv. ‐λως, διατρίβειν ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ Pl. Tht. 173c; μὴ φ. μηδὲ ἰδιωτικῶς Id. Lg. 966e.

3. mean, bad, πρῆξις Democr. 177; λόγοι E. Andr. 870, ψόγος Id. Ph. 94 (perh. both in signf. 1.1 and in 1.3); οὐ φ. ὄψις Pl. R. 519a; φ. δόξα D. 24.205; τὰ πράγματ’ ἐστὶ φ. Id. 19.30; φαῦλα διαπεπραγμένος Philem. 229; ὁ φαῦλα πράττων Ev.Jo. 3.20; μηδὲ πραξάντων τι ἀγαθὸν ἢ φ. Ep.Rom. 9.11; τὸ φ. evil, E. IT 390; τὰ φ., opp. τὰ ἀγαθά, X. Smp. 4.47; τύχη φ., opp. ἀγαθή, Arist. Ph. 197a26, cf. Metaph. 1065a35; τὴν πόλιν μηθὲμ φ. παθεῖν OGI 765.35 (Priene); κομίσασθαι . . εἴτε ἀγαθὸν εἴτε φ., of rewards and punishments, 2 Ep.Cor. 5.10; φ. μαίωσις Sor. 2.17, cf. 1.91, al.

II. of persons, low in rank, mean, common, E. Fr. 688; οἱ φαυλότατοι the commonest sort (of soldiers), Th. 7.77; [γάμος] ὁ ἐκ τῶν φαυλοτέρων, opp. ἐκ μειζόνων, X. Hier. 1.27, cf. Pl. R. 475b; of outward looks, αἱ φαυλότεραι the plainer ones, Ar. Ec. 617, cf. 626 (Comp., both anap.).

2. inefficient, bad, διδάσκαλος S. Fr. 771.3; τὸ φ. καὶ τὸ μέσον καὶ τὸ πάνυ ἀκριβές the inefficient, the middling, and the perfect, Th. 6.18; φ. αὐλητής, opp. ἀγαθός, Pl. Prt. 327c; τοξότης Id. Tht. 194a; οὐ δὲ φαύλων ἀνδρῶν οὐδὲ τῶν ἐπιτυχόντων Id. Cra. 390d; opp. σπουδαῖος, Isoc. 1.1, Pl. Lg. 757a, etc.; esp. in point of education and accomplishments, opp. σοφός, οἱ γὰρ ἐν σοφοῖς φαῦλοι παρ’ ὄχλῳ μουσικώτεροι λέγειν E. Hipp. 989, cf. Ph. 496, Ion 834, Pl. Smp. 174c, Alc. 1.129a; τὸ πλῆθος τὸ ‐ότερον E. Ba. 431 (lyr.); οἱ ‐ότεροι, opp. to οἱ ξυνετώτεροι, Th. 3.37; οἱ φαυλότεροι γνώμην ib.83; τὰ γράμματα φαῦλοι Pl. Phdr. 242c (so in Adv., φαυλοτέρως πεπαιδευμένοι Id. Lg. 876d); generally, inferior, Id. Grg. 483c: c. inf., φαῦλοι μάχεσθαι E. IT 305; φ. λέγειν, φ. διαλεχθῆναι, Pl. Tht. 181b, Prt. 336c: of animals, φ. κύων D. 26.22; φαυλότατοι ἵπποι X. Mem. 4.1.3.

3. careless, thoughtless, indifferent, E. Med. 807:—esp. in Adv., φαύλως ἐκρίνατε judged lightly, A. Pers. 520; φ. εὕδειν E. Rh. 769; οὐχ ὧδε φ. Id. Ion 1546; φ. παραινεῖν off-hand, Id. HF 89; λόγισαι φαύλως μὴ ψήφοις ἀλλ’ ἀπὸ χειρός off-hand, roughly, Ar. V. 656 (anap.); φ. εἰπεῖν casually, Pl. R. 449c; φ. φέρειν to bear lightly, E. IA 850, Ar. Av. 961.

4. in good sense, simple, unaffected, φαῦλον, ἄκομψον, τὰ μέγιστ’ ἀγαθόν E. Fr. 473 (anap.), cf. D.L. 3.63. Adv. ‐λως, παιδεύειν τινά by a very simple method, X. Oec. 13.4; φ. καὶ βραχέως ἀποκρίνασθαι Pl. Tht. 147c.

5. of health, etc., φαύλως ἔχειν to be ill, Hp. Aph. 2.32; φ. πράττειν to be in sorry plight, Men. Sam. 165; φ. ἔχει τὰ πράγματα D. 10.3, al.