τοι

A. let me tell you, mark you, look you (in Engl. we freq. convey the impression by means of emphasis or tone), implying a real or imagined audience, freq. in Hom. and always in speeches (exc. ὃς δή τοι Il. 10.316, Od. 20.289), αἰσχρόν τοι δηρόν τε μένειν κτλ. Il. 2.298; ἀλλ’ ἐφομαρτεῖτε· πλεόνων δέ τοι ἔργον ἄμεινον 12.412 codd.; τοῦτο δέ τοι ἐρέουσα ἔπος . . εἶμι surely I will go, 1.419; ταύτης τοι γενεῆς . . εὔχομαι εἶναι (recapitulating) 6.211 (so at the close of a narrative, Theoc. 11.80); οὗτός τοι . . ἀπὸ στρατοῦ ἔρχεται ἀνήρ here comes, look you . . , Il. 10.341 (vulg., οὗτός τις Aristarch., etc.); freq. it is hard to dist. from the Ep. dat., as in ποῦ τοι ἀπειλαὶ οἴχονται; 13.219; so in Hes. Op. 287 (addressed to Perses),347,719, cf. Emp. 17.14 (addressed to Pausanias), Pi. P. 2.72 (addressed to Hiero), al.; and so in Trag. dialogue, A. Eu. 729, etc.; σέτοι κικλήσκω S. OC 1578 (lyr.); betw. chorus and actor, Id. Ph. 855 (lyr.), etc.; folld. by a plural, Tyrt. 10.11 (cf. 13); so ἄρσενάς τοι τῆσδε γῆς οἰκήτορας εὑρήσετε A. Supp. 952: hence, as addressed to an imaginary audience, without personal reference, introducing a general sentiment or maxim, Thgn. 153; τὸ συγγενές τοι δεινόν A. Pr. 39, al.

II. in subordinate clauses,

1. temporal and causal, ἐπεί τοι h.Merc. 138, Pi. I. 2.45, S. Tr. 321; freq. ἐπεί τοι καί E. Med. 677, Ar. Ach. 933, Pl. Tht. 142b, etc.; ὅτι τοι Id. R. 343a.

2. conditional, εἴ τοι . . , ἐὰν δέ τοι . . , S. OT 549,551, Ant. 327; in apodosi, εἰ γὰρ κτενοῦμεν . . , σύ τοι πρώτη θάνοις ἄν Id. El. 582, cf. Il. 22.488.

3. final, ὅπως . . τοι S. El. 1469, cf. Hp. Morb. 2.33.

III. freq. combined with other Particles, ἀλλά τοι Thgn. 656, Pi. P. 3.19, etc.; ἀλλὰ . . τοι A. Pers. 795, Ag. 1304, etc.; γάρ τοι(γάρ A. 11.9); γέ τοι(γε 1.5); ἤτοι, καίτοι (v. sub vv.); μέν τοι(μέν B. 11.4); μή τοι, οὔ τοι; cf. also τοιγάρ, τοιγάρτοι, τοιγαροῦν, τοίνυν; so in τοι ἄρα, τοι ἆρα, which however are mostly contracted by crasis into τἆρα; as also τοι ἄν into τἄν, μέντοι ἄν into μεντἄν.

B. Position: τοι usually stands early in the sentence (or clause), e.g. Ζεύς ἐστιν αἰθήρ, Ζεὺς δὲ γῆ, Ζεὺς δ’ οὐρανός, Ζεύς τοι τὰ πάντα A. Fr. 70, etc.

2. hence τοι is sts. placed betw. Art. and Subst. or Adj., or betw. Prep. and Subst., τό τ. μέγιστον Pl. Sph. 261c; ἐπί τ. Ἀκράγαντι Pi. O. 2.90, cf. Ar. Ec. 972, etc.; also after Prep. in compd. Verb, ἔκ τ. πέπληγμαι E. Hipp. 934, cf. Or. 1047, Ar. V. 784.

3. τοι repeated, σύ τ. σύ τ. κατηξίωσας S. Ph. 1095 (lyr.).