Theophrastus On the Causes of Plants
EN Lat Orig
Theophrastus

On the Causes of Plants

prose

Theophrastus' companion to the Enquiry into Plants, investigating the causes of plant growth, reproduction, and change across six books. Where the Enquiry describes, this work explains — asking why plants grow as they do, why grafting works, and why fruits differ in taste and texture.

Start Reading

Books

  • 1
    Book 1

    Generation and propagation of plants. Theophrastus examines how plants reproduce — through seeds, spontaneous generation, and vegetative growth — and what causes successful germination.

    ~12,170 words
  • 2
    Book 2

    The effects of environment on plant growth. Theophrastus analyses how soil, water, climate, and position affect how plants develop, and the principles of successful cultivation.

    ~11,650 words
  • 3
    Book 3

    Cultivation of crops and fruit trees. Theophrastus examines agricultural techniques — ploughing, watering, pruning, grafting — and explains why they work in terms of plant physiology.

    ~11,750 words
  • 4
    Book 4

    Diseases and death of plants. Theophrastus investigates what causes plants to sicken and die — rot, parasites, weather damage, and exhaustion of the soil.

    ~9,370 words
  • 5
    Book 5

    Tastes, odours, and flavours in plants. Theophrastus examines what causes the different tastes of fruits, herbs, and roots, and how cultivation and climate modify them.

    ~10,970 words
  • 6
    Book 6

    Plant juices, medicines, and the preparation of plant products. Theophrastus examines how plant extracts are obtained and used, covering perfumes, drugs, dyes, and other manufactured products.

    ~13,760 words
An open-access project