The *Periochae Livianae* are anonymous summaries of all 142 books of Livy's monumental history *Ab Urbe Condita*. Compiled in the 4th century AD, they provide a concise overview of each book's contents in a few sentences to a few paragraphs. For the 35 surviving books of Livy (I–X and XXI–XLV), the Periochae serve as useful summaries. For the 107 lost books, they are our single most important source for reconstructing what Livy wrote, preserving at minimum the key events and themes of each book. Without the Periochae, our knowledge of Roman history as Livy presented it — from the mid-Republic through the civil wars to the age of Augustus — would be drastically poorer. The principal manuscript witness is the 5th-century **Codex Nazarianus** (Palatinus Latinus 894, Vatican Library), which contains periochae for Books I–CXLI (CXLII is missing). The **Codex Bambergensis** (Bamberg, Staatsbibliothek, Class. 54, 11th century) provides an independent tradition for some sections. A 3rd-century papyrus fragment from Oxyrhynchus (P.Oxy. IV 668) preserves periochae for Books XXXVII–XL and XLVIII–LV, demonstrating that the epitome tradition circulated well before the compilation of the surviving medieval manuscripts. The standard critical edition is that of Otto Rossbach (Leipzig: Teubner, 1910). No surviving periocha exists for Books CXXXVI and CXXXVII.
Start ReadingA brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.
A brief ancient summary of a lost book of Livy's history, preserving the key events and narrative arc of the original.